Sel SEL-421 - Page 4

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SEL-421 Relay Date Code 20111215
Table of Contents
Section 6: Testing and Troubleshooting
Testing Philosophy ...................................................................................................................................... U.6.1
Testing Features and Tools .......................................................................................................................... U.6.4
Relay Test Connections ............................................................................................................................... U.6.8
Test Methods ............................................................................................................................................. U.6.13
Checking Relay Operation ........................................................................................................................ U.6.24
Relay Self-Tests......................................................................................................................................... U.6.38
Relay Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................................. U.6.42
Factory Assistance..................................................................................................................................... U.6.45
Appendix A: Firmware and Manual Versions
Firmware..................................................................................................................................................... U.A.1
Instruction Manual.................................................................................................................................... U.A.11
Applications Handbook
Section 1: Protection Application Examples
Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... A.1.1
230 kV Overhead Transmission Line Example........................................................................................... A.1.2
500 kV Parallel Transmission Lines With Mutual Coupling Example ..................................................... A.1.18
345 kV Tapped Overhead Transmission Line Example ............................................................................ A.1.51
EHV Parallel 230 kV Underground Cables Example ............................................................................... A.1.84
Out-of-Step Logic Application Examples ............................................................................................... A.1.115
Auto-Reclose Example............................................................................................................................ A.1.133
Auto-Reclose and Synchronism Check Example.................................................................................... A.1.137
Circuit Breaker Failure Application Examples ....................................................................................... A.1.147
Section 2: Monitoring and Metering
Circuit Breaker Monitor .............................................................................................................................. A.2.1
Station DC Battery System Monitor.......................................................................................................... A.2.21
Metering .................................................................................................................................................... A.2.26
Section 3: Analyzing Data
Data Processing ........................................................................................................................................... A.3.2
Triggering Data Captures and Event Reports.............................................................................................. A.3.4
Duration of Data Captures and Event Reports ............................................................................................ A.3.5
Oscillography .............................................................................................................................................. A.3.7
Event Reports, Event Summaries, and Event Histories............................................................................. A.3.11
SER (Sequential Events Recorder)............................................................................................................ A.3.34
Section 4: Time-Synchronized Measurements
Relay Configuration for High-Accuracy Timekeeping ............................................................................... A.4.1
Fault Analysis.............................................................................................................................................. A.4.6
Power Flow Analysis................................................................................................................................... A.4.7
State Estimation Verification....................................................................................................................... A.4.9
Section 5: Substation Automatic Restoration
230 kV Tapped Transmission Line Application Example........................................................................... A.5.2
Section 6: SEL Communications Processor Applications
SEL Communications Processors................................................................................................................ A.6.1
SEL Communications Processor and Relay Architecture........................................................................... A.6.3
SEL Communications Processor Example.................................................................................................. A.6.5