10: PROGRAMMING
the numbers must be the same as the current position
numbers so that the rotational axes do not move.
The R number is always sticky — it keeps its value on
subsequent blocks if they're not explicitly programmed to be
different.
In absolute distance mode (G90), the X, Y, R, and Z numbers
are absolute positions in the current coordinate system.
In incremental distance mode (G91), when the XY-plane is
selected, X, Y, and R numbers are treated as increments to the
current position and Z as an increment from the Z-axis position
before the move involving Z takes place; when the YZ- or XZ-
plane is selected, treatment of the axis words is analogous.
Many canned cycles use the L word. The L word is optional and
represents the number of repeats. L0 is not allowed. The L
word is not sticky. The interpretation of the L word depends on
the active distance mode:
l In incremental distance mode (G91), L > 1 in
incremental mode means (with the XY-plane selected),
that the X and Y positions are determined by adding the
given X and Y numbers either to the current X and Y
positions (on the first iteration) or to the X and Y
positions at the end of the previous go-around (on the
subsequent repetitions). The R and Z positions do not
change during the repeats
l In absolute distance mode (G90), L > 1 means do the
same cycle in the same place several times. Omitting
the L word is equivalent to specifying L=1
The height of the retract move at the end of each repeat —
called clear Z — is determined by the setting of the retract
mode: either to the original Z position (if that is above the R
position and the retract mode is G98) or otherwise to the R
position.
Troubleshooting
It's an error if:
l X, Y, and Z words are all missing during a canned cycle
l A P number is required and a negative P number is used
l An L number is used that does not evaluate to a positive
integer
l Rotational axis motion is used during a canned cycle
l Inverse time feed rate is active during a canned cycle
l Cutter radius compensation is active during a canned
cycle
When the XY plane is active, the Z number is sticky and it's an
error if:
l The Z number is missing and the same canned cycle was
not already active
l The R number is less than the Z number
When the XZ plane is active, the Y number is sticky and it's an
error if:
l The Y number is missing and the same canned cycle was
not already active
l The R number is less than the Y number
When the YZ plane is active, the X number is sticky and it's an
error if:
l The X number is missing and the same canned cycle was
not already active
l The R number is less than the X number
At the very beginning of the execution of any of the canned
cycles (with the XY-plane selected), if the current Z position is
below the R position, the Z-axis will move in rapid motion to
the R position. This happens only once, regardless of the value
of L. In addition, at the beginning of the first cycle and each
repeat, the following one or two moves are made:
l A straight traverse parallel to the XY-plane to the given
XY-position
l A straight traverse of the Z-axis only to the R position, if
it is not already at the R position
If the XZ- or YZ-plane is active, the preliminary and in-between
motions are analogous.
10.3.2 High Speed Peck Drill (G73)
The G73 cycle is intended for deep drilling with chip breaking.
The retracts in this cycle break the chip but do not totally
retract the drill from the hole. It's suitable for tools with long
flutes which clear the broken chips from the hole.
Program: G73 X~ Z~ R~ L~ Q~
l Q~ is the delta increment along the Z-axis
The G73 cycle is as follows:
Step 1: Preliminary canned cycle motion.
Step 2: Move the Z-axis only at the current feed
rate downward by delta or to the Z position
(whichever is less deep).
Step 3: Rapid back incrementally in Z 0.010 in.
Step 4: Repeat Step 1 through 3 until the Z
position is reached at Step 1.
Step 5: Rapid back down to the current hole
bottom, backed off a bit.
©Tormach® 2023
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Page 211 Tormach 1100M® Operator's Manual (Version 1223A)
For the most recent version, see tormach.com/support
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