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12 Monitoring Respiration (Resp)
12.1 Resp Introduction
Impedance respiration is measured across the thorax. When the patient is breathing or ventilated, the volume of
air changes in the lungs, resulting in impedance changes between the electrodes. Respiration rate (RR) is
calculated from these impedance changes, and a respiration waveform appears on the patient monitor screen.
Respiration monitoring is intended for adult, pediatric and neonatal patients.
12.2 Resp Safety Information
• When monitoring the patient’s respiration, do not use ESU-proof ECG cables.
• If you do not set the detection level for the respiration correctly in manual detection mode, it may
not be possible for the monitor to detect apnea. If you set the detection level too low, the monitor is
more likely to detect cardiac activity, and to falsely interpret cardiac activity as respiratory activity
in the case of apnea.
• The respiration measurement does not recognize the cause of apneas. It only indicates an alarm if no
breath is detected when a pre-adjusted time has elapsed since the last detected breath. Therefore, it
cannot be used for diagnostic purpose.
• If operating under conditions according to the EMC Standard IEC 60601-1-2 (Radiated Immunity 3V/
m), field strengths above 3V/m may cause erroneous measurements at various frequencies.
Therefore, it is recommended to avoid the use of electrically radiating equipment in close proximity
to the respiration measurement unit.
• The impedance respiration measurement may cause rate changes in Minute Ventilation Rate
Responsive Pacemakers. Set the pacemaker rate responsive mode off or disable the impedance
respiration measurement on the monitor.
• When using the electrosurgery unit, ensure proper contact of the ESU return electrode to the patient
to avoid burns at monitor measurement sites. Also ensure that the ESU return electrode is near the
operating area.
• Only use parts and accessories specified in this manual.
• Respiration monitoring is not for use on the patients who are very active, as this will cause false
alarms.
12.3 Resp Display
(1) Resp waveform gain (2) Resp lead label (3) Alarm limits
(4) Respiration rate (RR) (5) RR source
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