Intel 8253 - Page 212

Digital
Code
V
l
+ q 1/2
- q 1/2
E
j
+ 1/2
LSB
- 1/2
LSB
Error E
Quantization
Error
(
)
ljj
VVE −=
12
q
dEE
q
1
E
2
q/2
q/2
2
j
1
2
j
==
∫
+
−
12/qN
2
2
=
Error at the jth step:
The mean square error over the step is:
Assuming equal steps, the
total error is:
(Mean square quantization noise)
QUANTIZATION EFFECTS
Analog and Mixed-Signal Center, TAMU (ESS)