82.3-0000010 OM
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4.8 Determination of PTO shaft and cardan shaft applicability
To avoid failures of PTO and PRS in a number of agricultural machines with active
working attachments (rotary tillers, combine harvesters, mowers, cattle-feeders, pickup balers
etc.) mechanical safety clutches are used.
Functional purpose of the safety clutch is an automated gear deactivation or limitation
of the torque value transmitted from the PTO shaft to PRS under overloads caused by large
starting torque, overload (locks) of the working attachments and load fluctuations on the PRS
drive.
ATTENTION: THE SAFETY CLUTCH ACTUATION TORQUE OF THE MACHINE
COUPLED SHALL EXCEED THE NOMINAL OPERATING TORQUE ACTING FOR A LONG
TIME IN THE MACHINE DRIVE, BUT BE ALWAYS EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN THE MAXI-
MUM PERMISSIBLE PTO SHAFT END TORQUE! IF THE MACHINE SAFETY CLUTCH AC-
TUATION TORQUE EXCEEDS THE PERMISSIBLE PTO SHAFT END TORQUE SUCH MA-
CHINE MUST NOT BE COUPLED WITH THE TRACTOR.
Note - The maximum permissible torques for all kinds of the BELARUS-82.3 PTO shaft
ends are given in subsection 3.2.7 "PTO use".
Among safety clutches there are cam clutch, frictional clutch, disk clutch, and they can
be subdivided into two basic types – with destructible and indestructible working components.
Clutches with a destructible component are used to secure against for unlikely overloads.
ATTENTION: IT IS NOT RECOMMENDED TO USE CARDAN SHAFTS WITH SAFETY
CLUTCHES WITH A DESTRUCTIBLE COMPONENT TO ATTACH THE MACHINES TO THE
BELARUS-82.3 TRACTOR!
In a number of agricultural machines freewheeling clutches are used. The freewheeling
clutches (overrunning clutches) are automatically locked if the rotating direction is straight, and
unlocked if the rotating direction is opposite. The freewheeling clutches ensure operation of the
machines with the increased inertia moment of the machine rotating masses to prevent the ma-
chine from the drive failure at the moment when the PTO shaft is being turned off.
There are also combined safety clutches. A combined safety clutch is the safety clutch which
is structurally combined with a clutch of the other type, for example with a freewheeling clutch.
ATTENTION: THE MANUFACTURER OF THE MACHINE WHICH IS CARDAN-
DRIVEN FROM THE TRACTOR PTO SHAFT SHALL INFORM YOU IN ADVANCE ABOUT
THE NECESSITY OF APPLICATION OF A SAFETY CLUTCH, CLUTCH DESIGN FEA-
TURES AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE MACHINE USAGE WITHOUT THE SAFETY
CLUTCH!
When you need to decide on the purchase and operation of the cardan shaft follow the
guidelines the machine and cardan shaft manufacturers first of all. It is recommended to attach
those machines to the tractor that have the active working attachments with the length be-
tween the articulations of the fully pushed in cardan shaft does not exceed 1 m.
4.9 Peculiarities of application of PTO shafts and cardan shafts
WARNING: BE CAREFUL WHEN PTO SHAFT IS ACTIVATED AND THE CARDAN
SHAFT OF THE MACHINE IS ROTATING. IN CASE THERE ARE PEOPLE IN AREA OF PTO
SHAFT OPERATION THEY OR THEIR CLOTHES CAN BE CLAMPED BETWEEN THE CAR-
DAN SHAFT ROTATING PARTS AND OTHER MOVING MACHINERY, WHICH CAN RESULT IN
PERMANENT INJURY INCLUDING WITH FATAL OUTCOME, THEREFORE BEFORE START-
ING THE PTO SHAFT ENSURE THERE ARE NO PEOPLE IN DANGEROUS AREA BETWEEN
THE TRACTOR AND THE MACHINE. WORK ASSOCIATED WITH MAINTENANCE SERVICES
(ADJUSTMENT, GREASING ETC.), MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING OF THE CARDAN
SHAFT SHALL BE CARRIED OUT WHEN THE TRACTOR PTO SHAFT AND ENGINE ARE
DISABLED. BEFORE STARTING TO MOUNT THE CARDAN SHAFT, STOP THE ENGINE, GET
THE KEY OUT OF STARTER AND INSTRUMENT SWITCH, AND ENGAGE THE PARKING
BRAKE!
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