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100
Software Module
Closing
Analogously to the opening filter, the closing filter is
the succession of a dilatation and an erosion. Erosion
closes gaps of bright structures while dilatation re-
verses thickening of the bright objects. The increase
in the surface of the bright objects that occurs in dila-
tation is removed again through erosion.
Effects of the closing:
• Contours are markedly emphasized even with rela-
tively low gray value transitions.
Sharpen
The Sharpen Filer enhance the line structures or other
details in an image.
Matrix
Creating Your Own Filters – 3×3 or 5×5:
Where filters are used, the surrounding pixels are
generally analyzed for each pixel. This results in a cal-
culated value for the respective pixel, which is used in
the output image of the filter module.
The following weighting can be used with the 3×3 fil-
ter in order to create a vertical edge filter.
-1 0 1
-1 0 1
-1 0 1
The gray-scale value of the output image needs to be
determined for the following central pixel. The gray-
scale values of the input image’s surrounding pixels
are ascertained first of all to this end.
50 120 105
90 80 60
80 100 100
During calculation, each gray-scale value is multiplied
by the weighting factor. The individual values are add-
ed up and then divided by 9. The result is the gray-
scale value of the central pixel for the output image.
50×(−1)+90×(−1)+80×(−1)+120×0+80×0+100
×0+105×1+60×1+100×1=45
45÷9=5
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