12.9.2 Stage with Inverse-Time Characteristic Curve........................................................... 1453
12.9.3 Stage with Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection with Logarithmic-Inverse Char-
acteristic Curve........................................................................................................1455
12.9.4 Stage with Knee-Point Characteristic Curve ............................................................. 1457
12.9.5 Stage with User-Defined Characteristic Curve...........................................................1459
12.10 Inrush-Current Detection...............................................................................................1462
12.11 Arc Protection............................................................................................................... 1463
12.12 Instantaneous High-Current Tripping.............................................................................1464
12.13 Instantaneous Tripping at Switch onto Fault ................................................................. 1465
12.14 Overcurrent Protection, 1-Phase....................................................................................1466
12.14.1 Stage with Definite-Time Characteristic Curve.......................................................... 1466
12.14.2 Stage with Inverse-Time Characteristic Curve........................................................... 1467
12.14.3 Stage with User-Defined Characteristic Curve .......................................................... 1468
12.15 Overcurrent Protection, 1-Phase (Fast Stage).................................................................1471
12.16 Non-Directional Intermittent Ground-Fault Protection....................................................1472
12.17 Directional Intermittent Ground-Fault Protection........................................................... 1474
12.18 Sensitive Ground-Fault Detection.................................................................................. 1476
12.18.1 General................................................................................................................... 1476
12.18.2 Directional 3I0 Stage with Cos φ or Sin φ Measurement........................................... 1477
12.18.3 Directional Transient Ground-Fault Stage................................................................. 1478
12.18.4 Directional 3I0 Stage with φ(V0,3I0) Measurement..................................................1478
12.18.5 Directional Y0 Stage with G0 or B0 Measurement (Admittance)................................1479
12.18.6 Directional Stage with Phasor Measurement of a Harmonic...................................... 1481
12.18.7 Non-Directional V0 Stage with Zero-Sequence Voltage/Residual Voltage...................1482
12.18.8 Non-Directional 3I0 Stage........................................................................................1483
12.18.9 Non-Directional Y0 Stage.........................................................................................1483
12.18.10 Pulse-Pattern Detection Stage.................................................................................. 1484
12.19 Undercurrent Protection................................................................................................1486
12.20 Negative-Sequence Protection.......................................................................................1488
12.20.1 Stage with Definite-Time Characteristic Curve.......................................................... 1488
12.20.2 Stage with Inverse-Time Characteristic Curve........................................................... 1489
12.21 Directional Negative-Sequence Protection with Definite-Time Delay...............................1492
12.22 Thermal Overload Protection, 3-Phase – Advanced........................................................ 1494
12.23 Thermal Overload Protection, User-Defined Characteristic Curve.................................... 1497
12.24 Unbalanced-Load Protection..........................................................................................1498
12.25 Current-Unbalance Protection for Capacitors, 3-Phase....................................................1500
12.26 Current-Unbalance Protection for Capacitors, 1-Phase....................................................1502
12.27 Voltage-Differential Protection for Capacitors................................................................ 1504
12.28 Differential Protection for Capacitor Banks.....................................................................1505
12.29 Overvoltage Protection with 3-Phase Voltage.................................................................1507
12.30 Overvoltage Protection with Zero-Sequence Voltage/Residual Voltage ...........................1509
12.31 Overvoltage Protection with Positive-Sequence Voltage ................................................ 1511
12.32 Overvoltage Protection with Negative-Sequence Voltage .............................................. 1512
12.33 Overvoltage Protection with Any Voltage.......................................................................1513
12.34 Peak Overvoltage Protection for Capacitors....................................................................1515
Table of Contents
SIPROTEC 5, Overcurrent Protection, Manual 35
C53000-G5040-C017-8, Edition 07.2017
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