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ARM ARM7TDMI User Manual
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Memory
Interface
3-20
Copyright ©
2001, 2004 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DDI 0210C
Figure
3-15 Data write
bus cyc
le
Figure
3-16 Data bus control circuit
MCLK
A[31:0]
nRW
nENOUT
D[31:0]
memo
r
y
cy
cl
e
Scan
cell
Scan
cell
Scan
cell
Data
direction
control
fr
om
c
ore
DBE
nENOUT
nENIN
TBE
D[31:0]
W
r
ite
data
from
co
re
Read
data
to
core
ARM7TDMI
89
91
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
2
Change History
2
Copyright © 2001, 2004 Arm Limited. All Rights Reserved
2
Table of Contents
3
Preface
16
About this Manual
16
Key to Timing Diagram Conventions
18
Feedback
20
Chapter 1 Introduction
22
About the ARM7TDMI Core
22
Figure 1-1 Instruction Pipeline
22
Memory Access
23
Architecture
25
Block, Core, and Functional Diagrams
27
Figure 1-2 ARM7TDMI Processor Block Diagram
28
Figure 1-3 ARM7TDMI Main Processor Logic
29
Figure 1-4 ARM7TDMI Processor Functional Diagram
30
Instruction Set Summary
31
Operand 2
32
Figure 1-5 ARM Instruction Set Formats
32
Table 1-2 ARM Instruction Summary
33
Table 1-3 Addressing Modes
36
Table 1-5 Fields
39
Table 1-6 Condition Fields
39
Figure 1-6 Thumb Instruction Set Formats
41
Table 1-7 Thumb Instruction Set Summary
42
Chapter 2 Programmer's Model
48
About the Programmer's Model
48
Processor Operating States
49
Memory Formats
50
Figure 2-1 Little-Endian Addresses of Bytes and Halfwords Within Words
50
Figure 2-2 Big-Endian Addresses of Bytes and Halfwords Within Words
51
Data Types
52
Operating Modes
53
Table 2-1 Register Mode Identifiers
53
Registers
54
Figure 2-3 Register Organization in ARM State
55
Figure 2-4 Register Organization in Thumb State
56
Figure 2-5 Mapping of Thumb-State Registers Onto ARM-State Registers
57
The Program Status Registers
59
Figure 2-6 Program Status Register Format
59
Mode Bits
61
Table 2-2 PSR Mode Bit Values
61
Exceptions
62
Table 2-3 Exception Entry and Exit
62
Table 2-4 Exception Vectors
67
Undefined Instruction
67
Exception Priorities
68
Table 2-5 Exception Priority Order
68
Interrupt Latencies
69
Reset
70
Chapter 3 Memory Interface
72
About the Memory Interface
72
Bus Interface Signals
73
Bus Cycle Types
74
Figure 3-1 Simple Memory Cycle
74
Nonsequential Cycles
75
Table 3-1 Bus Cycle Types
75
Figure 3-2 Nonsequential Memory Cycle
76
Figure 3-3 Sequential Access Cycles
77
Internal Cycles
77
Table 3-2 Burst Types
77
Figure 3-5 Merged IS Cycle
79
Figure 3-6 Coprocessor Register Transfer Cycles
80
Addressing Signals
81
Table 3-3 Significant Address Bits
82
Table 3-4 Nopc
82
Table 3-5 Ntrans Encoding
83
Address Timing
84
Figure 3-8 Pipelined Addresses
84
Figure 3-9 Depipelined Addresses
85
Figure 3-10 SRAM Compatible Address Timing
86
Data Timed Signals
87
Figure 3-11 External Bus Arrangement
87
Figure 3-12 Bidirectional Bus Timing
88
Figure 3-13 Unidirectional Bus Timing
88
Figure 3-15 Data Write Bus Cycle
90
Figure 3-16 Data Bus Control Circuit
90
Table 3-6 Tristate Control of Processor Outputs
91
Figure 3-17 Test Chip Data Bus Circuit
93
Figure 3-18 Memory Access
95
Figure 3-19 Two-Cycle Memory Access
96
Table 3-7 Read Accesses
97
Figure 3-20 Data Replication
98
Stretching Access Times
99
Modulating Mclk
99
Figure 3-21 Typical System Timing
100
Privileged Mode Access
101
Table 3-8 Use of Nm[4:0] to Indicate Current Processor Mode
101
Reset Sequence after Power up
102
Figure 3-22 Reset Sequence
102
Chapter 4 Coprocessor Interface
104
About Coprocessors
104
Table 4-1 Coprocessor Availability
105
Coprocessor Interface Signals
106
Pipeline Following Signals
107
Coprocessor Interface Handshaking
108
Table 4-2 Handshaking Signals
108
Table 4-3 Summary of Coprocessor Signaling
109
Figure 4-1 Coprocessor Busy-Wait Sequence
110
Figure 4-2 Coprocessor Register Transfer Sequence
111
Figure 4-3 Coprocessor Data Operation Sequence
112
Figure 4-4 Coprocessor Load Sequence
113
Connecting Coprocessors
114
Figure 4-5 Coprocessor Connections with Bidirectional Bus
114
Figure 4-6 Coprocessor Connections with Unidirectional Bus
115
Figure 4-7 Connecting Multiple Coprocessors
116
If You Are Not Using an External Coprocessor
117
Undefined Instructions
118
Privileged Instructions
119
Table 4-4 Mode Identifier Signal Meanings, Ntrans
119
Chapter 5 Debug Interface
122
About the Debug Interface
122
Debug Systems
124
Figure 5-1 Typical Debug System
124
Figure 5-2 ARM7TDMI Block Diagram
125
Debug Interface Signals
127
Figure 5-3 Debug State Entry
128
ARM7TDMI Core Clock Domains
131
Figure 5-4 Clock Switching on Entry to Debug State
131
Determining the Core and System State
133
About Embeddedice-RT Logic
134
Figure 5-5 ARM7 CPU Main Processor Logic, TAP Controller, and Embeddedice-RT Logic
134
Disabling Embeddedice-RT
136
Debug Communications Channel
137
Figure 5-6 DCC Control Register Format
137
Table 5-1 DCC Register Access Instructions
138
Monitor Mode
141
Chapter 6 Instruction Cycle Timings
145
About the Instruction Cycle Timing Tables
145
Branch and Branch with Link
146
Table 6-1 Branch Instruction Cycle Operations
146
Thumb Branch with Link
147
Table 6-2 Thumb Long Branch with Link
147
Branch and Exchange
148
Table 6-3 Branch and Exchange Instruction Cycle Operations
148
Data Operations
149
Table 6-4 Data Operation Instruction Cycles
150
Multiply and Multiply Accumulate
151
Table 6-5 Multiply Instruction Cycle Operations
151
Table 6-6 Multiply Accumulate Instruction Cycle Operations
151
Table 6-7 Multiply Long Instruction Cycle Operations
152
Table 6-8 Multiply Accumulate Long Instruction Cycle Operations
152
Load Register
154
Table 6-9 Load Register Instruction Cycle Operations
154
Table 6-10 MAS[1:0] Signal Encoding
155
Store Register
156
Table 6-11 Store Register Instruction Cycle Operations
156
Load Multiple Registers
157
Table 6-12 Load Multiple Registers Instruction Cycle Operations
157
Store Multiple Registers
159
Table 6-13 Store Multiple Registers Instruction Cycle Operations
159
Data Swap
160
Table 6-14 Data Swap Instruction Cycle Operations
160
Software Interrupt and Exception Entry
161
Table 6-15 Software Interrupt Instruction Cycle Operations
161
Coprocessor Data Operation
162
Table 6-16 Coprocessor Data Operation Instruction Cycle Operations
162
Coprocessor Data Transfer from Memory to Coprocessor
163
Table 6-17 Coprocessor Data Transfer Instruction Cycle Operations
163
Coprocessor Data Transfer from Coprocessor to Memory
165
Table 6-18 Coprocessor Data Transfer Instruction Cycle Operations
165
Coprocessor Register Transfer, Load from Coprocessor
167
Table 6-19 Coprocessor Register Transfer, Load from Coprocessor
167
Coprocessor Register Transfer, Store to Coprocessor
168
Table 6-20 Coprocessor Register Transfer, Store to Coprocessor
168
Undefined Instructions and Coprocessor Absent
169
Table 6-21 Undefined Instruction Cycle Operations
169
Unexecuted Instructions
170
Table 6-22 Unexecuted Instruction Cycle Operations
170
Instruction Speed Summary
171
Table 6-23 ARM Instruction Speed Summary
171
Chapter 7 Ac and DC Parameters
173
Timing Diagrams
174
Figure 7-1 General Timings
175
Table 7-1 General Timing Parameters
176
Table 7-2 ABE Address Control Timing Parameters
177
Figure 7-2 ABE Address Control
177
Figure 7-3 Bidirectional Data Write Cycle
177
Table 7-3 Bidirectional Data Write Cycle Timing Parameters
178
Table 7-4 Bidirectional Data Read Cycle Timing Parameters
178
Figure 7-4 Bidirectional Data Read Cycle
178
Table 7-5 Data Bus Control Timing Parameters
179
Figure 7-5 Data Bus Control
179
Table 7-6 Output 3-State Time Timing Parameters
180
Table 7-7 Unidirectional Data Write Cycle Timing Parameters
180
Figure 7-6 Output 3-State Time
180
Figure 7-7 Unidirectional Data Write Cycle
180
Table 7-8 Unidirectional Data Read Cycle Timing Parameters
181
Figure 7-8 Unidirectional Data Read Cycle
181
Figure 7-9 Configuration Pin Timing
181
Table 7-9 Configuration Pin Timing Parameters
182
Table 7-10 Coprocessor Timing Parameters
182
Figure 7-10 Coprocessor Timing
182
Table 7-11 Exception Timing Parameters
183
Figure 7-11 Exception Timing
183
Table 7-12 Synchronous Interrupt Timing Parameters
184
Figure 7-12 Synchronous Interrupt Timing
184
Figure 7-13 Debug Timing
184
Table 7-13 Debug Timing Parameters
185
Table 7-14 DCC Output Timing Parameters
185
Figure 7-14 DCC Output Timing
185
Table 7-15 Breakpoint Timing Parameters
186
Figure 7-15 Breakpoint Timing
186
Figure 7-16 TCK and ECLK Relationship
186
Table 7-16 TCK and ECLK Timing Parameters
187
Table 7-17 MCLK Timing Parameters
187
Figure 7-17 MCLK Timing
187
Table 7-18 Scan General Timing Parameters
188
Figure 7-18 Scan General Timing
188
Table 7-19 Reset Period Timing Parameters
189
Figure 7-19 Reset Period Timing
189
Figure 7-20 Output Enable and Disable Times Due to HIGHZ TAP Instruction
189
Table 7-20 Output Enable and Disable Timing Parameters
190
Figure 7-21 Output Enable and Disable Times Due to Data Scanning
190
Figure 7-22 ALE Address Control
190
Table 7-21 ALE Address Control Timing Parameters
191
Table 7-22 APE Address Control Timing Parameters
191
Figure 7-23 APE Address Control
191
Notes on AC Parameters
192
Table 7-23 AC Timing Parameters Used in this Chapter
192
DC Parameters
198
Appendix A Signal and Transistor Descriptions
200
Transistor Dimensions
200
Table A-1 Transistor Gate Dimensions of the Output Driver for a 0.18ΜM Process
200
Signal Types
201
Table A-2 Signal Types
201
Signal Descriptions
202
Table A-3 Signal Descriptions
202
Appendix B Debug in Depth
211
Scan Chains and the JTAG Interface
213
Figure B-1 ARM7TDMI Core Scan Chain Arrangements
214
Figure B-2 Test Access Port Controller State Transitions
215
Resetting the TAP Controller
216
Pullup Resistors
217
Instruction Register
218
Public Instructions
219
Table B-1 Public Instructions
219
Test Data Registers
224
Figure B-3 ID Code Register Format
224
Table B-2 Scan Chain Number Allocation
226
Figure B-4 Output Scan Cell
227
The ARM7TDMI Core Clocks
232
Figure B-5 Clock Switching on Entry to Debug State
232
Determining the Core and System State in Debug State
234
Figure B-6 Debug Exit Sequence
238
Behavior of the Program Counter in Debug State
240
Priorities and Exceptions
243
Scan Chain Cell Data
245
Table B-3 Scan Chain 0 Cells
245
Table B-4 Scan Chain 1 Cells
250
The Watchpoint Registers
252
Table B-5 Function and Mapping of Embeddedice-RT Registers
252
Figure B-7 Embeddedice-RT Block Diagram
253
Table B-6 MAS[1:0] Signal Encoding
255
Figure B-8 Watchpoint Control Value and Mask Format
255
Programming Breakpoints
257
Programming Watchpoints
260
The Debug Control Register
261
Figure B-9 Debug Control Register Format
261
Table B-7 Debug Control Register Bit Assignments
261
Table B-8 Interrupt Signal Control
262
The Debug Status Register
264
Table B-9 Debug Status Register Bit Assignments
264
Figure B-10 Debug Status Register Format
264
Figure B-11 Debug Control and Status Register Structure
265
The Abort Status Register
266
Figure B-12 Debug Abort Status Register
266
Coupling Breakpoints and Watchpoints
267
Embeddedice-RT Timing
269
Programming Restriction
270
Appendix C
271
Differences between Rev 3A and Rev
271
Appendix C Differences between Rev 3A and Rev
272
Summary of Differences between Rev 3A and Rev 4
272
Detailed Descriptions of Differences between Rev 3A and Rev 4
273
Glossary
277
Figure 3-4 Internal Cycles
285
Figure 3-7 Memory Cycle Timing
285
Figure 3-14 External Connection of Unidirectional Buses
285
Other manuals for ARM ARM7TDMI
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ARM ARM7TDMI Specifications
General
Brand
ARM
Model
ARM7TDMI
Category
Computer Hardware
Language
English
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