HEIDENHAIN TNC 620 Programming Station

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Fundamentals

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Table of Contents7
Basic Information31
About this Manual32
Control Model, Software and Features34
Software Options36
New Functions 81760X-1640
First Steps49
Overview50
Switching on the Machine51
Acknowledging the Power Interruption51
Programming the First Part52
Selecting the Operating Mode52
Important Controls and Displays52
Creating a New NC Program / File Management53
Defining a Workpiece Blank54
Program Layout55
Programming a Simple Contour56
Creating a Cycle Program61
Fundamentals65
The TNC 62066
HEIDENHAIN Klartext and ISO66
Compatibility66
Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel67
Display Screen67
Setting the Screen Layout68
Operating Panel69
Screen Keypad72
Modes of Operation73
Manual Operation and El. Handwheel73
Positioning with Manual Data Input73
Programming74
Test Run74
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block75
NC Fundamentals76
Position Encoders and Reference Marks76
Programmable Axes76
Reference Systems77
Designation of the Axes on Milling Machines87
Polar Coordinates87
Absolute and Incremental Workpiece Positions88
Selecting the Preset89
Creating and Entering NC Programs90
Structure of an NC Program in HEIDENHAIN Klartext90
Defining the Workpiece Blank: BLK FORM91
Creating a New NC Program94
Programming Tool Movements in Klartext96
Actual Position Capture98
Editing an NC Program99
The Control's Search Function103
File Management105
Files105
Displaying Externally Generated Files on the Control107
Directories107
Paths107
Overview: Functions of the File Manager108
Calling the File Manager109
Selecting Drives, Directories and Files110
Creating a New Directory112
Creating New File112
Copying a Single File112
Copying Files into Another Directory113
Copying a Table114
Copying a Directory115
Choosing One of the Last Files Selected115
Deleting a File116
Deleting a Directory116
Tagging Files117
Renaming a File118
Sorting Files118
Additional Functions119
Tools121
Entering Tool-Related Data122
Feed Rate F122
Spindle Speed S123
Tool Data124
Requirements for Tool Compensation124
Tool Number, Tool Name124
Tool Length L124
Tool Radius R126
Delta Values for Lengths and Radii126
Entering Tool Data into the NC Program127
Calling the Tool Data128
Tool Change130
Tool Compensation133
Introduction133
Tool Length Compensation133
Tool Radius Compensation134
Programming Contours137
Tool Movements138
Path Functions138
FK Free Contour Programming (Option 19)138
Miscellaneous Functions M138
Subprograms and Program Section Repeats139
Programming with Q Parameters139
Fundamentals of Path Functions140
Programming Tool Movements for Machining140
Approaching and Departing a Contour144
Starting Point and End Point144
Overview: Types of Paths for Contour Approach and Departure146
Important Positions for Approach and Departure147
Approaching on a Straight Line with Tangential Connection: APPR LT149
Approaching on a Straight Line Perpendicular to the First Contour Point: APPR LN149
Approaching on a Circular Path with Tangential Connection: APPR CT150
Approaching on a Circular Path with Tangential Connection from a Straight Line to the Contour: APPR LCT151
Departing in a Straight Line with Tangential Connection: DEP LT152
Departing in a Straight Line Perpendicular to the Last Contour Point: DEP LN152
Departing on a Circular Path with Tangential Connection: DEP CT153
Departing on a Circular Arc Tangentially Connecting the Contour and a Straight Line: DEP LCT153
Path Contours - Cartesian Coordinates154
Overview of Path Functions154
Straight Line L155
Inserting a Chamfer between Two Straight Lines156
Rounded Corners RND157
Circle Center CC158
Circular Arc C Around Circle Center CC159
Circular Arc CR with Fixed Radius161
Circular Arc CT with Tangential Transition163
Superimposing a Linear Motion on a Circular Contour164
Example: Linear Movements and Chamfers with Cartesian Coordinates165
Example: Circular Movements with Cartesian Coordinates166
Example: Full Circle with Cartesian Coordinates167
Path Contours - Polar Coordinates168
Overview168
Datum for Polar Coordinates: Pole CC169
Straight Line LP169
Circular Path CP Around Pole CC170
Circle CTP with Tangential Connection170
Helix171
Example: Linear Movement with Polar Coordinates173
Example: Helix174
Path Contours - FK Free Contour Programming (Option 19)175
Fundamentals175
Defining the Working Plane176
FK Programming Graphics177
Initiating the FK Dialog178
Pole for FK Programming178
Free Straight Line Programming179
Free Circular Path Programming180
Input Possibilities181
Auxiliary Points184
Relative Data185
Example: FK Programming 1187
Example: FK Programming 2188
Example: FK Programming 3189
Programming Aids191
GOTO Function192
Using the GOTO Key192
Screen Keypad193
Entering Text with the Screen Keypad193
Display of NC Programs194
Syntax Highlighting194
Scrollbar194
Adding Comments195
Application195
Entering Comments During Programming195
Inserting Comments after Program Entry195
Entering a Comment in a Separate NC Block195
Commenting out an Existing NC Block195
Functions for Editing a Comment196
Freely Editing an NC Program197
Skipping NC Blocks198
Insert a Slash (/)198
Delete the Slash (/)198
Structuring NC Programs199
Definition and Applications199
Displaying the Program Structure Window / Changing the Active Window199
Inserting a Structure Block in the Program Window200
Selecting Blocks in the Program Structure Window200
Calculator201
Operation201
Cutting Data Calculator203
Application203
Working with Cutting Data Tables204
6.10 Programming Graphics207
Activating and Deactivating Programming Graphics207
Generating a Graphic for an Existing NC Program208
Block Number Display ON/OFF208
Erasing the Graphic208
Showing Grid Lines208
Magnification or Reduction of Details209
6.11 Error Messages210
Display of Errors210
Opening the Error Window210
Detailed Error Messages211
INTERNAL INFO Soft Key211
GROUPING Soft Key212
ACTIVATE AUTOMATIC SAVING Soft Key212
Deleting Errors213
Error Log214
Keystroke Log215
Informational Texts215
Saving Service Files216
Closing the Error Window216
6.12 Tncguide: Context-Sensitive Help217
Application217
Using Tncguide218
Downloading Current Help Files221
Miscellaneous Functions223
Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP224
Fundamentals224
Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Inspection, Spindle and Coolant225
Overview225
Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Entries226
Programming Machine-Referenced Coordinates: M91/M92226
Moving to Positions in a Non-Tilted Input Coordinate System with a Tilted Working Plane: M130228
Miscellaneous Functions for Path Behavior229
Machining Small Contour Steps: M97229
Machining Open Contour Corners: M98230
Feed Rate Factor for Plunging Movements: M103231
Feed Rate in Millimeters Per Spindle Revolution: M136232
Feed Rate for Circular Arcs: M109/M110/M111232
Pre-Calculating Radius-Compensated Contours (LOOK AHEAD): M120 (Option 21)234
Superimposing Handwheel Positioning During Program Run: M118 (Option 21)236
Retraction from the Contour in the Tool-Axis Direction: M140237
Suppressing Touch Probe Monitoring: M141239
Deleting Basic Rotation: M143239
Lifting off the Tool Automatically from the Contour at NC Stop: M148240
Rounding Corners: M197241
Subprograms and Program Section Repeats243
Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats244
Label244
Subprograms245
Operating Sequence245
Programming Notes245
Programming the Subprogram245
Calling a Subprogram246
Program-Section Repeats247
Label247
Operating Sequence247
Programming Notes247
Programming a Program Section Repeat248
Calling a Program Section Repeat248
Calling an External NC Program249
Overview of the Soft Keys249
Operating Sequence250
Programming Notes250
Calling an External NC Program252
Point Tables254
Creating a Point Table254
Hiding Single Points for the Machining Process255
Selecting a Point Table in the NC Program256
Using Point Tables257
Definition257
Nesting258
Types of Nesting258
Nesting Depth258
Subprogram Within a Subprogram259
Repeating Program Section Repeats260
Repeating a Subprogram261
Programming Examples262
Example: Milling a Contour in Several Infeeds262
Example: Groups of Holes263
Example: Group of Holes with Multiple Tools264
Programming Q Parameters267
Principle and Overview of Functions268
Q Parameter Types269
Programming Notes271
Calling Q Parameter Functions272
Part Families-Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values273
Application273
Describing Contours with Mathematical Functions274
Application274
Overview274
Programming Fundamental Operations275
Trigonometric Functions277
Definitions277
Programming Trigonometric Functions277
Circle Calculations279
Application279
If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters280
Application280
Abbreviations Used280
Jump Conditions281
Programming If-Then Decisions282
Entering Formulas Directly283
Entering Formulas283
Rules for Formulas283
Overview285
Example: Trigonometric Function287
Checking and Changing Q Parameters288
Procedure288
Additional Functions290
Overview290
FN 14: ERROR - Displaying Error Messages291
FN 16: F-PRINT - Formatted Output of Text and Q Parameter Values297
FN 18: SYSREAD - Reading System Data306
FN 19: PLC - Transferring Values to the PLC307
FN 20: WAIT for - NC and PLC Synchronization307
FN 29: PLC - Transferring Values to the PLC308
Fn 37: Export308
FN 38: SEND - Send Information from the NC Program309
String Parameters311
String Processing Functions311
Assigning String Parameters312
Chain-Linking String Parameters313
Converting a Numerical Value to a String Parameter314
Copying a Substring from a String Parameter315
Reading System Data316
Converting a String Parameter to a Numerical Value317
Testing a String Parameter318
Finding the Length of a String Parameter319
Comparing Alphabetic Priority320
Reading out Machine Parameters321
9.11 Preassigned Q Parameters324
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107324
Active Tool Radius: Q108324
Tool Axis: Q109325
Spindle Status: Q110325
Coolant On/Off: Q111325
Overlap Factor: Q112325
Unit of Measurement for Dimensions in the NC Program: Q113325
Tool Length: Q114326
Coordinates after Probing During Program Run326
Deviation between Actual and Nominal Value During Automatic Tool Measurement; for Example, with the TT 160326
Tilting the Working Plane with Workpiece Angles: Coordinates Calculated by the Control for Rotary Axes326
Measurement Results from Touch Probe Cycles327
9.12 Accessing Tables with SQL Statements330
Introduction330
Programming SQL Commands332
Overview of Functions333
Sql Bind334
Sql Execute335
Sql Fetch339
Sql Update341
Sql Insert343
Sql Commit344
Sql Rollback345
Sql Select347
Examples349
Programming Examples351
Example: Rounding a Value351
Example: Ellipse352
Special Functions359
Overview of Special Functions360
Main Menu for SPEC FCT Special Functions360
Program Defaults Menu361
Functions for Contour and Point Machining Menu361
Menu for Defining Different Klartext Functions362
10.2 Function Mode363
Program Function Mode363
Function Mode Set363
10.3 Working with the Parallel Axes U, V and W364
Overview364
Function Paraxcomp Display366
Function Paraxcomp Move367
Deactivating FUNCTION PARAXCOMP368
Function Paraxmode369
Deactivating FUNCTION PARAXMODE371
Example: Drilling with the W Axis372
10.4 Machining with Polar Kinematics373
Overview373
Activating FUNCTION POLARKIN374
Deactivating FUNCTION POLARKIN376
Example: SL Cycles in the Polar Kinematics378
10.5 File Functions380
Application380
Defining File Functions380
Open File381
NC Functions for Coordinate Transformations383
Overview383
Datum Shift with TRANS DATUM383
Mirroring with TRANS MIRROR385
Rotations with TRANS ROTATION388
Scaling with TRANS SCALE389
Selecting a TRANS Function390
10.7 Modifying Presets391
Activating a Preset391
Copying a Preset392
Correcting a Preset393
10.8 Datum Table394
Application394
Description394
Creating a Datum Table395
Opening and Editing a Datum Table395
Activating the Datum Table in Your NC Program397
Activating the Datum Table Manually397
10.9 Compensation Table398
Application398
Types of Compensation Tables398
Creating a Compensation Table399
Activate the Compensation Table400
Editing a Compensation Table During Program Run401
Accessing Table Values402
Application402
Reading a Table Value403
Writing a Table Value404
Adding a Table Value405
Monitoring of Configured Machine Components (Option 155)406
Application406
Starting Monitoring406
10.12 Defining a Counter407
Application407
Defining FUNCTION COUNT408
Creating Text Files409
Application409
Opening and Exiting a Text File409
Editing Texts410
Deleting and Re-Inserting Characters, Words and Lines410
Editing Text Blocks411
Finding Text Sections412
Freely Definable Tables413
Fundamentals413
Creating a Freely Definable Table413
Editing the Table Format414
Switching between Table and Form View415
FN 26: TABOPEN - Open a Freely Definable Table416
FN 27: TABWRITE: Write to a Freely Definable Table416
FN 28: TABREAD - Read from a Freely Definable Table418
Adapting the Table Format418
10.15 Pulsing Spindle Speed FUNCTION S-PULSE419
Programming a Pulsing Spindle Speed419
Resetting the Pulsing Spindle Speed421
10.16 Dwell Time FUNCTION FEED422
Programming a Dwell Time422
Resetting the Dwell Time423
10.17 Dwell Time FUNCTION DWELL424
Programming a Dwell Time424
10.18 Lift off Tool at NC Stop: FUNCTION LIFTOFF425
Programming Tool Lift-Off with FUNCTION LIFTOFF425
Resetting the Lift-Off Function427
Multiple-Axis Machining429
11.1 Functions for Multi-Axis Machining430
The PLANE Function: Tilting the Working Plane (Option 8)431
Introduction431
Overview433
Defining the PLANE Function434
Position Display434
Resetting PLANE Function435
Defining the Working Plane with Spatial Angles: PLANE SPATIAL436
Defining the Working Plane with Projection Angles: PLANE PROJECTED438
Defining the Working Plane with Euler Angles: PLANE EULER440
Defining the Working Plane with Two Vectors: PLANE VECTOR442
Defining the Working Plane Via Three Points: PLANE POINTS445
Defining the Working Plane Via a Single Incremental Spatial Angle: PLANE RELATIV447
Tilting the Working Plane through Axis Angles: PLANE AXIAL448
Defining the Positioning Behavior of the PLANE Function450
Automatic Tilting into Position MOVE/TURN/STAY451
Selection of Tilting Possibilities SYM (SEQ)454
Selection of the Transformation Type457
Tilting the Working Plane Without Rotary Axes459
Inclined Machining (Option 9)460
Function460
Inclined Machining Via Incremental Traversing of a Rotary Axis460
Inclined Machining Using Normal Vectors461
Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes462
Feed Rate in MM/Min on Rotary Axes A, B, C: M116 (Option 8)462
Shorter-Path Traverse of Rotary Axes: M126463
Reducing Display of a Rotary Axis to a Value Less than 360°: M94464
Retaining the Position of the Tool Tip During the Positioning of Tilting Axes (TCPM): M128 (Option 9)465
Selecting Tilting Axes: M138467
Compensating the Machine Kinematics in ACTUAL/NOMINAL Positions at End of Block: M144468
(Option 9)468
Compensating the Tool Angle of Inclination with FUNCTION TCPM (Option 9)469
Function469
Defining FUNCTION TCPM470
Effect of the Programmed Feed Rate470
Interpretation of the Programmed Rotary Axis Coordinates471
Orientation Interpolation between the Start Position and End Position472
Selection of Tool Reference Point and Center of Rotation473
Limiting the Linear-Axis Feed Rate475
Resetting FUNCTION TCPM475
Three-Dimensional Tool Compensation (Option 9)476
Introduction476
Suppressing Error Messages with Positive Tool Oversize: M107477
Definition of a Normalized Vector478
Permissible Tool Shapes479
Using Other Tools: Delta Values479
3-D Compensation Without TCPM480
Face Milling: 3D Compensation with TCPM481
Peripheral Milling: 3-D Radius Compensation with TCPM and Radius Compensation (RL/RR)483
Interpretation of the Programmed Path484
Running CAM Programs486
From 3-D Model to NC Program486
Considerations Required for Post Processor Configuration487
Please Note the Following for CAM Programming489
Possibilities for Intervention on the Control491
ADP Motion Control491
Data Transfer from CAD Files493
12.1 Screen Layout of the CAD Viewer494
CAD Viewer Fundamentals494
Generating STL Files with 3D Mesh (Option 152)495
Positioning the 3D Model for Rear-Face Machining497
CAD Import (Option 42)498
Application498
Using the CAD Viewer499
Opening the CAD File499
Basic Settings500
Setting Layers502
Setting a Preset503
Setting the Datum506
Selecting and Saving a Contour509
Selecting and Saving Machining Positions513
Pallets517
Pallet Management (Option Number 22)518
Application518
Selecting a Pallet Table522
Inserting or Deleting Columns522
Fundamentals of Tool-Oriented Machining523
Batch Process Manager (Option 154)525
Application525
Fundamentals525
Opening Batch Process Manager529
Creating a Job List531
Editing a Job List532
Operating the Touchscreen535
14.1 Display Unit and Operation536
Touchscreen536
Operating Panel538
14.2 Gestures540
Overview of Possible Gestures540
Navigating in the Table and NC Programs541
Operating the Simulation542
Operating the CAD Viewer543
Tables and Overviews549
15.1 System Data550
List of FN 18 Functions550
Comparison: FN 18 Functions586
15.2 Overview Tables590
Miscellaneous Functions590
User Functions592

HEIDENHAIN TNC 620 Programming Station - Fundamentals

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