Appendix
9
IC-402 9-9
JPEG Abbreviation for Joint Photographic Experts Group. One of the file
formats for saving image data. (The file extension is “.jpg”.) The com-
pression ratio is roughly 1/10 to 1/100. This format uses an effective
method in the compression of continuous-tone images, such as
photographs.
Kerberos A type of network authentication system used by Windows 2000 or
later. Used in Active Directory authentication. Users can be safely
and efficiently authenticated with a two-phase authentication (user
logon and network resource usage) on a dependable site set up on
the network.
LAN Abbreviation for Local Area Network. A network which connects
computers on the same floor, in the same building, or in neighboring
buildings.
LDAP Abbreviation for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. On a TCP/
IP network, such as the Internet or an intranet, this protocol is used
to access a database for managing environment information and the
e-mail addresses of network users.
LPR/LPD Abbreviation for Line Printer Request/Line Printer Daemon. A print-
ing method over a network in a Windows NT system or UNIX system.
Using TCP/IP, you can output print data from Windows or Unix to a
printer over a network.
Macromedia
®
Flash
®
Software developed by Macromedia, Inc. and used to create data
combining vector-graphic animation and sound, and the format of
this data file. The bidirectional content can be manipulated using a
keyboard and a mouse. The files can be kept relatively compact, and
they can be accessed with the Web browser plug-in.
MAC Address Abbreviation for Media Access Control address. With a special ID
number for each Ethernet card, data can be sent and received be-
tween the cards. A number consists of 48 bits. The first 24 bits con-
sist of a special number for each manufacture controlling and
assigning IEEE. The last 24 bits consist of a number that the manu-
facturer assigns uniquely to the card.
NetWare Network operating system developed by Novell. NetWare IPX/SPX
is used as the communication protocol.
MH Abbreviation for Modified Huffman. A data compression encoding
method for fax transmissions. Documents containing mostly text are
compressed to about 1/10 their original size.
MIB Abbreviation for Management Information Base. In a TCP/IP trans-
mission, this uses SNMP to define the management information for-
mat for a group of network devices. There are two formats: the
manufacturer-specific private MIB and the standardized MIB.
MMR Abbreviation for Modified Modified Read. A data compression en-
coding method for fax transmissions. Documents containing mostly
text are compressed to about 1/20 their original size.
NTLM Abbreviation for NT LAN Manager. User authentication method used
by Windows NT or later. With the MD4 and MD5 encoding methods,
passwords are encoded.
NTP Abbreviation for Network Time Protocol. The protocol for correctly
adjusting the computer’s internal clock over the network. In a hierar-
chical method, the time is adjusted with the server at the highest lev-
el using GPS to acquire the correct time, which is then referenced by
each lower level host.
Term Definition
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