Section 8.  Operation 
 
 
where   
percent-of-reading = 2500 mV • ±0.06% 
= ±1.5 mV 
and 
offset = (1.5 • 667 µV) + 1 µV 
= 1.00 mV 
Therefore, 
accuracy = ±1.5 mV + 1.00 mV 
= ±2.5 mV 
 
Electronic Noise 
Electronic "noise" can cause significant error in a voltage measurement, 
especially when measuring voltages less than 200 mV.    So long as input 
limitations are observed, the PGIA ignores voltages, including noise, that are 
common to each side of a differential-input pair.    This is the common-mode 
voltage.    Ignoring (rejecting or canceling) the common-mode voltage is an 
essential feature of the differential input configuration that improves voltage 
measurements. 
Figure PGIA with Input Signal Decomposition
 (p. 348), illustrates the common-
mode component (V
cm
) and the differential-mode component (V
dm
) of a voltage 
signal.  V
cm
 is the average of the voltages on the V+ and V– inputs.  So, V
cm
 = 
(V+ + V–)/2 or the voltage remaining on the inputs when V
dm
 = 0.    The total 
voltage on the V+ and V– inputs is given as V+ = V
cm
 + V
dm
/2, and V
L
 = V
cm
 – 
V
dm
/2, respectively. 
 
8.1.3  Pulse Measurements — Details 
Related Topics: 
 •  Pulse Measurements — Specifications 
 •  Pulse Measurements — Overview 
(p. 70) 
 •  Pulse Measurements — Details (p. 369) 
 
Read More    Review the PULSE COUNTERS (p. 369) and Pulse on C 
Terminals sections in Specifications (p. 91). Review pulse measurement 
programming in CRBasic Editor Help for the PulseCount() and TimerIO() 
instructions.