Section 05: COOLING SYSTEM
PA1553
4
FIGURE 2: SURGE TANK - ENGINE COMP'T
05079
The cooling system is filled through a filler cap
on the surge tank (Fig. 2). A pressure cap
underneath the surge tank is used to maintain
pressure within the system. When system
exceeds normal pressure rating (14 psi - 96.53
kPa), the cap releases air and if necessary,
coolant through the overflow tube (Fig. 2). Two
thermostats are located in the housing attached
to the right side of the cylinder head (Fig. 1).
Furthermore, a water temperature sensor
mounted on the cylinder head (radiator side) is
also supplied for engine protection purposes.
The engine cooling system also provides hot
coolant fluid for the vehicle heating system. Refer
to section 22, "”HEATING AND AIR
CONDITIONING" in this manual for information
relating to heating system water circulation.
2. MAINTENANCE
A systematic routine inspection of cooling
system components is essential to ensure
maximum engine and heating system efficiency.
o Check coolant level in the surge tank daily,
and correct if required. Test antifreeze
strength.
o Maintain the prescribed inhibitor strength
levels as required. Coolant and inhibitor
concentration must be checked at each oil
change, every 12,500 miles (20 000 km) or
once a year, whichever comes first to
ensure inhibitor strength. For vehicles
equipped with coolant filters replace
precharge element filter with a maintenance
element filter as per “COOLANT FILTER” in
this section. If the vehicle is not equipped
with a filter, add the recommended inhibitor
concentration to the antifreeze/water
solution.
o Drain, flush, thoroughly clean and refill the
system every two years or every 200,000
miles (320 000 km), whichever comes first.
For vehicle equipped with coolant filters,
change the precharge element filter or the
existing maintenance element filter for a
new maintenance element filter. If the
vehicle is not equipped with filters add the
recommended inhibitor concentration to the
antifreeze/water solution.
NOTE
Do not add inhibitors to the antifreeze / water
solution if vehicle is equipped with a coolant
filter.
Coolant must be discarded in an
environmentally safe manner.
2.1 VEHICLES WITHOUT COOLANT FILTERS
Refer to Nalcool 3000 with Stabil-Aid bulletin
annexed to the end of this section for preventive
maintenance (at each oil change) and initial
treatment instructions (each time the cooling
system is drained and flushed).
2.2 VEHICLES WITH COOLANT FILTERS
Change the coolant precharge element filter for
a maintenance element filter at initial oil change
(see "Specifications" at the end of this section)
and replace existing maintenance element filter
with a new one as per "COOLANT FILTER" in
this section. A precharge element filter must be
installed each time the cooling system is drained
and flushed prior to installing a maintenance
element filter.
o Check belts for proper tension; adjust as
necessary and replace any frayed or badly
worn belts.
o Check radiator cores for leaks and make
sure the cores are not clogged with dirt or
insects. To avoid damaging the fins, clean
cores with a low-pressure air hose. Steam
clean if required.
o Inspect the water pump operation. A leaky
pump sucks in air, increasing corrosion.
o Repair all leaks promptly. Unrepaired leaks
can lead to trouble. Inspect and tighten
radiator mounts periodically. Test and
replace thermostats regularly.
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