13 Monitoring Cardiac Output
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Injectate Volume, Patient Weight and ETVI Values (PiCCO Only)
When deciding on an injectate volume and temperature, you must consider your patient's Ideal Body
Weight (IBW) and extra-vascular thermal volume index (ETVI). IBW is based on the patient category,
gender and height that you have entered for the patient. The calculated IBW is displayed in the window
that opens when you select the
InjVol field.
High ETVI
The dilution of injectate is influenced by extravascular tissue and fluid. The accuracy of the PiCCO
method may be reduced in patients with high extra-vascular thermal volume index (ETVI) values. Use
the table below as a guide in selecting the correct injectate temperature. As shown in the table, if your
patient has an ETVI > 10, you must use cold injectate.
Weight
Use the table below as a guide in choosing an injectate volume appropriate for the patient weight.
C.O./CCO Curve Alert Messages
After each measurement trial, the monitor analyzes the thermodilution curve. If the curve appears
abnormal, a curve alert message appears in the procedure window. A question mark symbol ("
?") may
appear next to the cardiac output numeric if any of these messages appear. The curve alert messages
are not error messages and do not necessarily mean that the measured values are invalid.
IBW
Cold Injectate Room Temperature Injectate
ETVI < 10 ETVI ≥ 10 ETVI < 10 ETVI ≥ 10
< 3 kg 2 ml 2 ml 3 ml Use cold injectate
< 10 kg 2 ml 3 ml 3 ml
< 25 kg 3 ml 5 ml 5 ml
< 50 kg 5 ml 10 ml 10 ml
< 100 kg 10 ml 15 ml 15 ml
≥ 100 kg 15 ml 20 ml 20 ml
C.O./CCO Curve Alert
Messages
Possible Causes
Tinj off scale The Tinjectate is out of the range -1°C and 30°C. Cool down or
heat up the injectate or change the injectate solution and repeat the
measurement.
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