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R&S FSW Series User Manual
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Optimizing Measurements
R&S
®
FSW
621
User Manual 1
173.941
1.02 ─ 43
Generally
, a higher
sweep time
leads to more data to be averaged and thus stabilizes
the results. In FFT mode, a higher sweep time means more FFT
s are calculated and
combined per bin.
Thus, in the same capture time, the FFT mode with an RMS detector can provide bet-
ter results than an averaged trace.
Improving Averaging Results
620
622
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
3
1 Preface
17
About this Manual
17
Conventions for Procedure Descriptions
18
Conventions Used in the Documentation
18
Notes on Screenshots
18
2 Safety Information
20
Typographical Conventions
18
3 Documentation Overview
21
Getting Started Manual
21
Service Manual
21
User Manuals and Help
21
Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, Etc
22
4 Welcome to the R&S FSW
23
Basic Safety Instructions
22
Data Sheets and Brochures
22
Instrument Security Procedures
22
Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
22
5 Getting Started
24
Preparing for Use
24
Putting into Operation
24
Windows Operating System
30
Connecting USB Devices
34
Connecting an External Monitor
36
Setting up a Network (LAN) Connection
37
Configuring the Initial Instrument Settings
42
Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
43
Instrument Tour
45
Front Panel View
45
Rear Panel View
56
Measuring a Basic Signal
63
Trying out the Instrument
63
Displaying a Spectrogram
65
Activating Additional Measurement Channels
67
Performing Sequential Measurements
70
Setting and Moving a Marker
71
Displaying a Marker Peak List
72
Zooming into the Display
73
Zooming into the Display Permanently
76
Saving Settings
79
Printing and Saving Results
80
Operating the Instrument
81
5.4.1 Understanding the Display Information
82
Understanding the Display Information
82
Accessing the Functionality
92
Changing the Focus
96
Entering Data
97
Touchscreen Gestures
99
Displaying Results
103
Getting Help
110
Remote Control
112
6 Applications, Measurement Channels, and Operating Modes
115
Available Applications
116
Spectrum
117
1Xev-DO BTS
118
1Xev-DO MS
118
Fdd Bts
118
Fdd Ue
118
Amplifier
119
Analog Demodulation
119
Cdma2000 BTS
119
(Multi-Carrier) Group Delay
120
Cdma2000 MS
120
Gsm
120
I/Q Analyzer
120
Lte
120
NB-Iot
120
Noise Figure
121
Oneweb
121
Phase Noise
121
Pulse Measurements
121
Real-Time Spectrum
121
Spurious Measurements
122
Td-Scdma Bts
122
Td-Scdma Ue
122
Transient Analysis
122
Verizon 5GTF Measurement Application (V5GTF)
122
R&S Multiview
123
Docsis 3.1
123
Selecting the Operating Mode and Applications
124
Running a Sequence of Measurements
126
Vector Signal Analysis (VSA)
123
Wlan
123
The Sequencer Concept
127
Sequencer Settings
129
How to Set up the Sequencer
130
7 Measurements and Results
131
7.1 Basic Measurements
132
Basic Measurement Types
132
Basic Measurements
132
All Functions off
133
Frequency Sweep
133
How to Perform a Basic Sweep Measurement
133
Zero Span
133
Measurement Examples - Measuring a Sinusoidal Signal
134
Measurement Example - Measuring Levels at Low S/N Ratios
137
Measurement Examples - Measuring Signal Spectra with Multiple Signals
140
Measurement Examples in Zero Span
146
Channel Power and Adjacent-Channel Power (ACLR) Measurement
152
About Channel Power Measurements
152
Channel Power Results
153
Channel Power Basics
155
Channel Power Configuration
168
MSR ACLR Configuration
177
How to Perform Channel Power Measurements
194
Measurement Examples
199
Optimizing and Troubleshooting the Measurement
205
Reference: Predefined CP/ACLR Standards
206
Reference: Predefined ACLR User Standard XML Files
207
Carrier-To-Noise Measurements
208
About the Measurement
208
Carrier-To-Noise Results
209
Carrier-To-Noise Configuration
210
How to Determine the Carrier-To-Noise Ratio
212
Occupied Bandwidth Measurement (OBW)
212
About the Measurement
212
OBW Results
214
OBW Configuration
215
How to Determine the Occupied Bandwidth
217
Measurement Example
218
Noise Power Ratio (NPR) Measurement
218
About Noise Power Ratio (NPR) Measurements
219
NPR Basics
219
NPR Results
221
NPR Configuration
222
Generator Setup
226
Generator Frequency Coupling
231
How to Perform NPR Measurements
233
Measurement Example
234
Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM) Measurement
235
About the Measurement
236
SEM Results
236
Typical Applications
236
7.6.4 Sem Basics
239
SEM Basics
239
Ranges and Range Settings
240
Limit Lines in SEM Measurements
242
Fast SEM Measurements
244
Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) SEM Measurements
246
SEM with Multiple Sub Blocks ("Multi-SEM")
246
SEM Configuration
250
How to Perform a Spectrum Emission Mask Measurement
267
Measurement Example: Multi-SEM Measurement
272
Reference: SEM File Descriptions
273
Spurious Emissions Measurement
280
About the Measurement
280
Spurious Emissions Measurement Results
281
Spurious Emissions Basics
282
Spurious Emissions Measurement Configuration
284
Table of Contents
285
Detector
286
Filter Type
286
Rbw
286
Sweep Time
286
Vbw
286
Preamp
287
Reference Level
287
RF Attenuation
287
RF Attenuation Mode
287
Stop after Sweep
287
Sweep Points
287
Transducer
287
Abs Limit Start/ Abs Limit Stop
288
Delete Range
288
Insert before Range/ Insert after Range
288
Limit Check
288
How to Perform a Spurious Emissions Measurement
290
Reference: ASCII Export File Format (Spurious)
292
Statistical Measurements (APD, CCDF)
293
About the Measurements
293
APD and CCDF Results
294
Typical Applications
294
APD and CCDF Basics - Gated Triggering
296
APD and CCDF Configuration
297
How to Perform an APD or CCDF Measurement
303
Examples
304
About the Measurement
307
Optimizing and Troubleshooting the Measurement
307
Time Domain Power Measurement
307
Time Domain Power Results
307
Time Domain Power Basics - Range Definition Using Limit Lines
308
Time Domain Power Configuration
309
How to Measure Powers in the Time Domain
310
Measurement Example
311
Harmonic Distortion Measurement
312
About the Measurement
312
Harmonic Distortion Basics
313
Harmonic Distortion Results
315
Harmonic Distortion Configuration
316
How to Determine the Harmonic Distortion
318
Third Order Intercept (TOI) Measurement
318
About the TOI Measurement
319
TOI Basics
319
TOI Results
323
TOI Configuration
324
How to Determine the Third Order Intercept
325
Measurement Example - Measuring the R&S Fsw's Intrinsic Intermodulation
325
AM Modulation Depth Measurement
328
About the Measurement
328
AM Modulation Depth Results
328
AM Modulation Depth Configuration
329
Optimizing and Troubleshooting the Measurement
330
How to Determine the am Modulation Depth
331
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Measurement
331
About the EMI Measurement
332
EMI Measurement Results
332
EMI Measurement Basics
333
EMI Measurement Configuration
342
Selected Marker/Marker State
343
Marker Position X-Value
343
Marker State
343
Selected Marker
343
Assigning the Marker to a Trace
344
Marker
344
Marker Type
344
Reference Marker
344
Final Test Detector
345
Select Marker
345
EMI Result Analysis
350
How to Perform EMI Measurements
350
Measurement Example: Measuring Radio Frequency Interference
353
Optimizing and Troubleshooting EMI Measurements
355
8 Common Measurement Settings
356
Configuration Overview
356
Data Input and Output
358
Receiving Data Input and Providing Data Output
358
Input Source Settings
366
Input
368
Impedance
368
Input Coupling
368
Radio Frequency State
368
Direct Path
369
High Pass Filter 1 to 3 Ghz
369
YIG-Preselector
369
Input Connector
370
Preselector Adjust
370
Power Sensors
373
Table of Contents
375
Default Chapter
376
Continuous Value Update
376
Select
376
State
376
Zeroing Power Sensor
376
Frequency Coupling
377
Frequency Manual
377
Meas Time/Average
377
Reference Value
377
Setting the Reference Level from the Measurement Meas -> Ref
377
Unit/Scale
377
Average Count (Number of Readings)
378
Duty Cycle
378
Use Ref Level Offset
378
Using the Power Sensor as an External Trigger
378
Optional External Generator Control
381
Optional External Mixers
409
Output Settings
436
Trigger Input/Output Settings
438
How to Output a Trigger Signal
440
Frequency and Span Configuration
441
Impact of the Frequency and Span Settings
441
Frequency and Span Settings
443
Keeping the Center Frequency Stable - Signal Tracking
446
How to Define the Frequency Range
447
How to Move the Center Frequency through the Frequency Range
448
Amplitude and Vertical Axis Configuration
448
Impact of the Vertical Axis Settings
449
Amplitude Settings
451
Scaling the Y-Axis
456
How to Optimize the Amplitude Display
458
Bandwidth, Filter and Sweep Configuration
459
Impact of the Bandwidth, Filter and Sweep Settings
459
Bandwidth, Filter and Sweep Settings
465
Reference: List of Available RRC and Channel Filters
474
Trigger and Gate Configuration
476
Triggering
476
Gating
487
Adjusting Settings Automatically
497
Result Display Configuration
501
9 Common Analysis and Display Functions
501
Basic Evaluation Methods
501
Laying out the Result Display with the Smartgrid
504
Zoomed Displays
508
Single Zoom Versus Multiple Zoom
509
Zoom Functions
510
How to Zoom into a Diagram
512
Basics on Markers
515
Marker Usage
515
Marker Settings
518
Marker Search Settings and Positioning Functions
524
Marker (Measurement) Functions
531
How to Work with Markers
552
Measurement Example: Measuring Harmonics Using Marker Functions
555
Display and Limit Lines
556
Display Lines
557
Limit Lines
559
Standard Traces
575
Trace Configuration
575
Spectrograms
588
Trace Math
606
Importing and Exporting Measurement Results for Evaluation
608
Displaying a Reference Trace - Importing Trace Data
609
Trace/Data Ex/Import
610
How to Export Trace Data and Numerical Results
614
How to Import Traces
614
How to Export a Peak List
615
Reference: ASCII File Export Format
615
10 Optimizing Measurements
620
Improving Averaging Results
620
11 Data Management
622
Minimizing the Measurement Duration
620
Restoring the Default Instrument Configuration (Preset)
622
Protecting Data Using the Secure User Mode
623
Storing and Recalling Instrument Settings and Measurement Data
625
Quick Save/Quick Recall
626
Configurable Storage and Recall
628
How to Save and Load Instrument Settings
634
Import/Export Functions
636
Creating Screenshots of Current Measurement Results and Settings
640
Print and Screenshot Settings
640
How to Store or Print Screenshots of the Display
650
Example for Storing Multiple Measurement Results to a PDF File
653
12 General Instrument Setup
656
Alignment
656
Basics on Alignment
656
Alignment Settings
658
How to Align the Instrument
661
How to Perform a Self-Test
661
How to Align the Touchscreen
662
Display Settings
662
How to Configure the Colors for Display and Printing
673
How to Work with the Soft Front Panels
674
Transducers
675
Basics on Transducer Factors
675
Transducer Settings
677
Reference: Transducer Factor File Format
683
How to Configure the Transducer
684
Frequency Response Correction (R&S FSW-K544)
688
Basics on Frequency Response Correction
688
User-Defined Frequency Response Correction Settings
691
Reference Frequency Settings
699
System Configuration Settings
703
Hardware Information
703
Information on Versions and Options
704
System Messages
705
Firmware Updates
706
General Configuration Settings
708
Signal Generator Settings
710
Service Functions
712
R&S Support Information
712
Calibration Signal Display
714
Self-Test Settings and Results
714
Service Functions
716
Hardware Diagnostics
718
Synchronizing Measurement Channel Configuration
719
General Parameter Coupling
719
User-Defined Parameter Coupling
722
How to Synchronize Parameters
726
Example for a User-Defined Parameter Coupling
727
13 Network and Remote Operation
730
Remote Control Basics
730
Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols
730
SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments)
739
VISA Libraries
739
Messages
740
SCPI Command Structure
741
Command Sequence and Synchronization
749
Status Reporting System
751
General Programming Recommendations
768
GPIB Languages
769
The IECWIN Tool
771
Automating Tasks with Remote Command Scripts
772
The Context-Sensitive SCPI Command Menu
773
The SCPI Recorder
775
How to Determine the Required SCPI Command
779
How to Create and Export SCPI Scripts
780
Example for a Recorded SCPI Script
782
Network and Remote Control Settings
783
General Network Settings
784
GPIB Settings
786
Compatibility Settings
789
LXI Settings
793
Remote Errors
795
Returning to Manual Mode ("Local")
796
How to Configure a Network
797
How to Set up a Network and Remote Control
797
How to Log on to the Network
804
How to Operate the Instrument Without a Network
804
How to Share Directories (Only with Microsoft Networks)
806
How to Control the R&S FSW Via the Web Browser Interface
807
How to Deactivate the Web Browser Interface
808
How to Set up Remote Desktop
809
How to Start a Remote Control Session from a PC
815
How to Return to Manual Operation
816
Selecting the Mode and Applications
823
Performing a Sequence of Measurements
829
Programming Example: Performing a Sequence of Measurements
831
Configuring and Performing Measurements
833
Performing Measurements
834
Configuring Power Measurements
837
Measuring the Channel Power and ACLR
841
Measuring the Carrier-To-Noise Ratio
899
Measuring the Occupied Bandwidth
900
Remote Commands for Noise Power Ratio (NPR) Measurements
902
Measuring the Spectrum Emission Mask
917
Measuring Spurious Emissions
953
Analyzing Statistics (APD, CCDF)
967
14 Remote Commands
817
Conventions Used in SCPI Command Descriptions
817
Common Commands
818
Common Suffixes
818
Selecting the Operating Mode and Application
823
Measuring the Time Domain Power
977
Measuring the Harmonic Distortion
987
Measuring the Third Order Intercept Point
990
Measuring the am Modulation Depth
993
Remote Commands for EMI Measurements
995
List Evaluations
1004
Measuring the Pulse Power
1008
Configuring the Result Display
1013
General Window Commands
1013
Working with Windows in the Display
1014
Examples: Configuring the Result Display
1021
Setting Basic Measurement Parameters
1023
Defining the Frequency and Span
1024
Configuring Bandwidth and Sweep Settings
1030
Configuring the Vertical Axis (Amplitude, Scaling)
1039
Configuring Triggered and Gated Measurements
1049
Adjusting Settings Automatically
1064
Configuring the Data Input and Output
1067
Analyzing Measurements (Basics)
1121
Zooming into the Display
1121
Configuring the Trace Display and Retrieving Trace Data
1124
Working with Markers
1150
Configuring Display and Limit Lines
1209
Managing Settings and Results
1227
General Data Storage and Loading Commands
1228
Selecting the Items to Store
1234
Storing and Loading Instrument Settings
1237
Storing or Printing Screenshots
1242
Storing Measurement Results
1253
Examples: Managing Data
1255
Configuring the R&S FSW
1258
Configuring the Reference Frequency
1259
Calibration and Checks
1262
Working with Transducers
1267
Compensating for Frequency Response Using Touchstone Files (R&S FSW-K544)
1271
Customizing the Screen Layout
1288
Configuring the Network and Remote Control
1295
Remote Commands for Language Settings
1295
Checking the System Configuration
1300
Signal Generator Control Commands
1307
Using Service Functions
1308
Remote Commands for Synchronizing Parameters
1311
Using the Status Register
1325
General Status Register Commands
1326
Reading out the Condition Part
1326
Reading out the Event Part
1327
Controlling the Enable Part
1328
Controlling the Negative Transition Part
1328
Controlling the Positive Transition Part
1329
Commands for Remote Instrument Operation
1330
Emulating Other Instruments' Commands
1330
Setting up Instrument Emulation
1331
Reference: GPIB Commands of Emulated HP Models
1334
Reference: Command Set of Emulated PSA Models
1363
Reference: Command Set of Emulated PXA Models
1367
Command Set for Analog Demodulation for Emulated PXA Models
1369
Command Set for Vector Signal Analysis (VSA) for Emulated R&S FSE Instruments
1370
Deprecated Commands
1370
Programming Examples
1374
Programming Example: Performing a Basic Frequency Sweep
1375
Service Request
1378
15 Maintenance
1387
Cleaning
1387
16 Troubleshooting
1389
Error Information
1389
Error Messages in Remote Control Mode
1391
Troubleshooting Remote Operation
1392
Miscellaneous Troubleshooting Hints
1393
Collecting Information for Support
1395
System Recovery
1395
Contacting Customer Support
1397
List of Commands (Base Unit)
1399
Index
1423
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R&S FSW Series Specifications
General
Brand
R&S
Model
FSW Series
Category
Measuring Instruments
Language
English
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