Y t Y t
osum CPS osum_
( ) ( )
1 1
=
GUID-EDC80710-FA5D-4966-AE81-888E8B4D2CD5 V1 EN (Equation 58)
Y t Y t Y t
osum CPS osum osum_
( ) ( ) ( )
2 1 2
= +
GUID-696EFC44-7AF4-45A9-A3F4-11C153143D55 V1 EN (Equation 59)
Y t Y t Y t Y t
osum CPS osum osum osum_
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 1 2 3
= + +
GUID-A18538B4-EFCD-4844-AEFB-0BB92358582A V1 EN (Equation 60)
Y t Y t Y t Y t Y t
osum CPS osum osum osum osum_
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 1 2 3 4
= + + +
GUID-EBDE2421-0F49-4141-87E2-433DF64503C9 V1 EN (Equation 61)
Y t Y t Y t Y t Y t Y
osum CPS osum osum osum osum osu_
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
5 1 2 3 4
= + + + +
mm
t( )
5
GUID-8E0FAAAB-F656-4FCF-AC71-42C357E77F3E V1 EN (Equation 62)
GUID-69E030E7-F3CF-4872-AF6A-3D12002EA3AC V1 EN
Figure 212: Principle of Cumulative Phasor Summing (CPS)
The CPS technique provides a stable directional phasor quantity despite individual
phasors varying in magnitude and phase angle in time due to a non-stable fault type such
as restriking or intermittent ground fault. This is also true for harmonic components
included in the sum admittance phasor. Harmonics have typically a highly fluctuating
character.
Harmonic components provide a more distinctive directional determination in
compensated networks than the fundamental frequency component. The higher the
frequencies, the compensation coil appears as very high impedance and the harmonics are
not affected by compensation coil and degree of compensation. When harmonics are
Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A
Protection functions
442 615 series ANSI
Technical Manual
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