Glossary
ITS
Insertion Test Signal: A suite of analogue test signals placed on
lines in the VBI. Also known as VITS.
ITT
Invitation To Tender.
ITU-R
International Telecommunications Union - Radiocommunications
Study Groups (was CCIR).
ITU-T
International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications
Standardization Sector (was CCITT).
JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group: ISO/ITU standard for
compressing still images. It has a high compression capability.
Using discrete cosine transform, it provides user specified
compression ratios up to around 100:1 (there is a trade-off between
image quality and file size).
kbps
1000 bits per second.
Kbit
1024 bits, usually refers to memory capacity or allocation.
Ku-band
The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, which spans the
frequency range of approximately 12 GHz to 14 GHz. Used by
communications satellites. Preferred for DTH applications because
this range of frequency is less susceptible to interference.
LAN
Local Area Network: A network, which provides facilities for
communications within a defined building or group of buildings in
close proximity.
L-band
The frequency band from 950 MHz to 2150 MHz, which is the
normal input-frequency-range of a domestic IRD. The incoming
signal from the satellite is down-converted to L-band by the LNB.
LED
Light Emitting Diode.
LNB
Low Noise Block Down-Converter: The component of a subscriber
satellite transmission receiving dish which amplifies the incoming
signal and down-converts it to a suitable frequency to input to the
IRD (typically 950 MHz - 1600 MHz).
LO
Local Oscillator.
lsb
Least significant bit.
Luminance
The television signal representing brightness, or the amount of light
at any point in a picture. The Y in YC
R
C
B.
LVDS
Low Voltage Differential Signal: LVDS is a generic multi-purpose
Interface standard for high speed / low power data transmission. It
was standardized in ANSI/TIA/EIA-644-1995 Standard (aka RS-
644).
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