Chapter 9 Reflection Operation
About the reflection mode
144 9102 Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Software version 5.31
About the reflection mode
Modern antenna systems for professional applications are character-
ised by a low reflection and a good match. All components of the
antenna system should be matched to 50 Ohm, the standard imped-
ance for professional wireless equipment. If all components are
matched, the system’s efficiency is at its maximum level. The better the
match the better the ratio between radiated and lost RF energy.
The reflection mode enables you to test performance and match of
antenna systems over the desired frequency range in one view and to
validate performance for acceptance and maintenance.
During reflection measurements the 9102’s tracking generator gener-
ates a test signal. The 9102 measures the signal level reflected by the
antenna. For measuring the load impedance of an antenna very
precisely with a linear behavior over 4 GHz, the 9160 VSWR DTF
bridge is used. The reflection measurement modes offers scalar and
vector reflection measurements and displays all common reflection
measurement units such as return loss, rho, VSWR and the reflected
power ratio.
Figure 42 shows an example for a return loss measurement results
display.
On the measurement results screen markers are usually set on the
limits of the uplink and downlink band. These are the ranges which are
the interesting parts of the spectrum displayed. Two further markers
are set on the maximum reflection within those bands to indicate
whether the antenna system under test performs within the usual
reflection limits of 17 to 20 dB return loss. For a detailed application
example for the reflection measurement mode refer to the applications
guide contained on the documentation CD delivered with your instru-
ment.
Figure 42 Example of a return loss measurement
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