AMD AMD5K86 - Cache Coherency

AMD~
AMD5xB6 Processor Technical Reference Manual
1 8S24BjO-Marl 996
2.3.5
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Cache Coherency
The processor's cache-coherency mechanism is based on real
(non-speculative) state. Everything that accesses main memory
has the same view of that memory, which is never modified
speculatively. The contents of the processor's data cache are
always real-state. Furthermore, on the AMDS
K
86 processor,
writes to both memory and the data cache are always done in
program order, irrespective of the state of the EWER input sig-
nal.
The processor's data cache implements coherency with the
MESI (Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid) protocol. The
instruction cache, which is read-only, has no write-related
states. The instruction cache implements coherency with only
a valid bit, which in effect works like a shared-invalid subset of
the MESI protocol. The coherency state bits are stored in the
physical tags for each cache. The physical tags can be accessed
by external logic (using inquire cycles) or the processor (for
internal snoops) in parallel with accesses to the linear tag by
programs running on the processor.
Table 2-2 shows all possible cache-line states before and after
program-generated accesses to individual cache lines. The
table includes the correspondence between MESI states and
writethrough or writeback states for lines in the data cache.
Table 2-3 shows all possible cache-line states before and after
cache snoop or invalidation operations performed with inquire
cycles. Together, these tables show all of the conditions for
writethroughs and writebacks to memory.
Internal Architecture