Chapter 1
| Introduction
Description of Software Features
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Policy-based Routing for BGP – The next-hop behavior for ingress IP traffic can be
determined based on matching criteria.
Equal-cost Multipath
Load Balancing
When multiple paths to the same destination and with the same path cost are
found in the routing table, the Equal-cost Multipath (ECMP) algorithm first checks if
the cost is lower than that of any other routing entries. If the cost is the lowest in
the table, the switch will use up to eight paths having the lowest path cost to
balance traffic forwarded to the destination. ECMP uses either equal-cost unicast
multipaths manually configured in the static routing table, or equal-cost multipaths
dynamically detected by the Open Shortest Path Algorithm (OSPF). In other words,
it uses either static or unicast routing entries, not both.
Router Redundancy Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) uses a virtual IP address to support a
primary router and multiple backup routers. The backups can be configured to take
over the workload if the master fails or to load share the traffic. The primary goal of
this protocol is to allow a host device which has been configured with a fixed
gateway to maintain network connectivity in case the primary gateway goes down.
Address Resolution
Protocol
The switch uses ARP and Proxy ARP to convert between IP addresses and MAC
(hardware) addresses. This switch supports conventional ARP, which locates the
MAC address corresponding to a given IP address. This allows the switch to use IP
addresses for routing decisions and the corresponding MAC addresses to forward
packets from one hop to the next. Either static or dynamic entries can be
configured in the ARP cache.
Proxy ARP allows hosts that do not support routing to determine the MAC address
of a device on another network or subnet. When a host sends an ARP request for a
remote network, the switch checks to see if it has the best route. If it does, it sends
its own MAC address to the host. The host then sends traffic for the remote
destination via the switch, which uses its own routing table to reach the destination
on the other network.
Operation,
Administration,
and Maintenance
The switch provides OAM remote management tools required to monitor and
maintain the links to subscriber CPEs (Customer Premise Equipment). This section
describes functions including enabling OAM for selected ports, loopback testing,
and displaying remote device information.
Multicast Filtering Specific multicast traffic can be assigned to its own VLAN to ensure that it does not
interfere with normal network traffic and to guarantee real-time delivery by setting
the required priority level for the designated VLAN. The switch uses IGMP Snooping
and Query for IPv4, MLD Snooping and Query for IPv6, and IGMP at Layer 3 to
manage multicast group registration. It also supports Multicast VLAN Registration
(MVR for IPv4 and MVR6 for IPv6) which allows common multicast traffic, such as
television channels, to be transmitted across a single network-wide multicast VLAN
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