EN GI N E
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page page
COOLANT
DESCRIPTION ..........................9
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
COOLING SYSTEM LEAKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
STANDARD PROCEDURE
ADDING ADDITIONAL COOLANT . . . . . . . . . 12
DRAINING COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . 12
REFILLING COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . 13
COOLANT LEVEL SENSOR
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
RADIATOR FAN
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ENGINE BLOCK HEATER
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ENGINE COOLANT TEMP SENSOR
DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ENGINE COOLANT THERMOSTAT
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
FAN DRIVE VISCOUS CLUTCH
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
RADIATOR
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
RADIATOR PRESSURE CAP
DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - RADIATOR
PRESSURE CAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
WATER PUMP
REMOVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
COOLAN T
DESCRIPTION
Coolan t flows through th e engine wat er jackets
and cylin der heads absorbing hea t produced by the
engine during oper ation. The coolant ca rries hea t to
the radiator an d hea ter core. Her e it is tr ansferred to
ambient air passing th rough th e radiat or a nd h eater
core fins.
The required ethylene-glycol (antifreeze) an d water
mixtur e depends upon the clim ate and vehicle oper-
ating condition s. The recommen ded mixture of 50/50
ethylen e-glycol an d wat er will pr ovide protection
aga inst freezing to -37° C (-35° F). The an tifreeze
concent ration must always be a min imum of 44 per-
cent, year-rou nd in a ll climates. If p er c e n t a g e i s
lowe r th an 44 p erc en t, en gin e pa rts m ay be
eroded by cavitation, and cooling system com-
ponents may be severely damaged by corrosion.
Maximum protection aga inst freezing is provided
with a 68 percent antifreeze con centr ation, which
pr events freezing down to -67.7° C (-90° F). A higher
percent age will freeze a t a war mer temperat ure.
Also, a higher percen tage of antifreeze ca n cau se the
engine to overhea t because the specific heat of anti-
freeze is lower than tha t of water.
100 Percent Ethylene - Glycol - Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
Use of 100 per cent ethylen e-glycol will cause for-
mation of addit ive deposit s in t he system, as th e cor-
rosion inhibit ive additives in et hylene-glycol require
the presence of water to dissolve. The deposits a ct a s
insulat ion, cau sing temper atur es t o rise to as high as
149° C (300° F). This temper atur e is hot enough to
melt plastic and soften solder. The incr eased temper-
ature can result in engine detonation. In addition,
100 percent et hylene-glycol fr eezes at -22° C (-8° F ).
Propylene - glycol Formulations - Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles
P ro p yle n e -g ly co l fo rm u la tio n s d o n ot m e e t
Ch r y sler c o o la nt s p e c i fi c a ti o n s . It’s overall effec-
tive tem perat ure r ange is smaller th an t hat of ethyl-
ene-glycol. Th e freeze point of 50/50 propylene-glycol
and water is -32° C (-26° F). 5° C higher than ethyl-
ene-glycol’s freeze point. The boiling poin t (prot ection
aga inst su mmer boil-over) of pr opylen e-glycol is 125°
C (257°F)at96.5 kPa (14 psi), compar ed to 128° C
(263° F) for ethylen e-glycol. Use of propylene-glycol
can r esult in boil-over or freeze-u p in Chrysler vehi-
cles, which are designed for ethylen e-glycol. Pr opy-
lene glycol also has poorer h eat transfer
characteristics tha n ethylen e glycol. This can
increase cylinder h ead temper atu res under certain
conditions.
VA ENGINE 7 - 9
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