The air filter prevents that foreign objects and particles enter the engine. The alternate intake valve
provides sufficient air supply if the air filter becomes clogged. The turbocharger compresses the intake
air and makes the air hot.
The outlet of the turbocharger compressor connects to the intercooler. The intercooler decreases the
temperature of the intake air.
The outlet of the intercooler connects to the intake manifold. The intake manifold distributes the air to
each cylinder.
The exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from each cylinder and leads them to the
turbocharger. The turbocharger turbine recovers energy from the exhaust gases and drives the
compressor. The exhaust tube releases the exhaust gas into the open air.
A. Turbocharger
The turbocharger is bolted to the exhaust manifold of the engine. The turbine is connected by a shaft
to the compressor.
The turbocharger has a wastegate controller which reacts the boost pressure. If the boost pressure is
too high, the wastegate controller bypasses a part of the exhaust around the turbine and keeps the
boost pressure at the minimum permitted pressure gas.
The EECU controls the wastegate controller. The EECU compares the engine RPM, measured manifold
pressure, and barometric pressure with the target value for manifold pressure. The EECU then sends a
signal to the boost pressure actuator (BPA), which actuates the wastegate.
The BPA uses air from the compressor side of the turbocharger to control a wastegate controller. This
wastegate controller is mechanically linked to the turbocharger wastegate and regulates the amount
of exhaust gas that bypasses the turbocharger turbine and therefore manifold pressure.
The wastegate controller has a fail-safe bridge. The fail-safe bridge makes sure the wastegate
controller can close the wastegate after failure of the wastegate control rod.
Refer to Fig. 81 - 2 for the turbocharger with the boost pressure actuator, air filter for the boost
pressure actuator and the wastegate controller attached to the turbocharger.
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