4-25
Configuring E1 and T1 Interfaces
ProCurve Secure Router Modules
The following is a list of the line errors and a brief description of each.
BES. A Bursty Errored Second (BES) is a one-second time period with
between one and 320 Path Coding Violation (PCV) events, no Severely Errored
Framing Seconds (SEFS) defects, and no detected incoming Alarm Indication
Signal (AIS) defects.
CSS. A Controlled Slip Second (CSS) is a one-second interval containing one
or more controlled slips. A controlled slip is the replication or deletion of the
payload bits in a DS1 or E1 frame. This problem may be caused by a difference
between the timing of the interface sending and the interface receiving the
signal.
DM. A Degraded Minute (DM) is a one-minute interval with a bit error rate
(BER) that is higher than .000001. The one-minute intervals are derived by
removing severely errored seconds (SESs) from the total time and then
consecutively grouping the remaining seconds into blocks of 60.
ES. An Errored Second (ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored
blocks or bit errors. For T1-carrier lines that use ESF and E1-carrier lines that
use CRC4, one of the following occurs during the one-second period:
■ one or more PCVs
■ one or more Out of Frame (OOF) defects (seven or more consecutive
errored framing patterns)
■ one or more CSSs
■ an AIS defect
For carrier lines that use D4 and E1 framing, Bipolar Violations (BPVs) also
trigger an ES.
LCV. A Line Code Violation (LCV) occurs when a carrier line experiences
either BPVs (when using AIM) or excessive zeros (EXZ) (when using HDB3
or B8ZS). A BPV is an error in which an interface receives two pulses of the
• D4 errors:
– Framing error
–OOF
– 1544+ LCVs
UAS • 10+ SESs
• Line failure + SES
Error Type Triggers
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