Glossary
GL-10 Issue 8.0 July 2002
GNE
Gateway Network Element — A network element that serves as a single interface to the local X.25
message-based operations system for all the FT-2000 OC-48 Add/Drop-Rings Terminals in a ring
network or all the network elements in a SONET subnetwork (for example, DDM-2000 Multiplexer).
Grooming
The rearrangement of STS-1 tributaries within an STS-3 tributary. DS3 and EC-1 signals may be
rearranged within an STS-3 tributary using time slot assignment with STS-1 granularity.
H
Hardware Ready
The shelf, connector, and backplane have been designed to accept hardware (circuit packs) that is
not available yet. Additional cables may be required.
Headend
Refers to the transmitting end where a signal originates.
Holdover
An operating condition of a network element in which its local oscillator is not locked to any synchro-
nization reference but is using storage techniques to maintain its accuracy with respect to the last
known frequency comparison with a synchronization reference.
I
IMTV
Interactive Multimedia Television.
I/O
Inut/Output.
IR
Intermediate Reach.
IS
In Service — A memory administrative state for ports. IS refers to a port that is fully monitored and
alarmed.
IS-3 Interface Circuit Pack
The FT-2000 OC-48 low-cost low speed (STS-3 rate) intraoffice optical interface.
ITU
International Telecommunications Union — An international advisory committee under United
Nations sponsorship that has composed and recommended for adoption worldwide standards for
international communications (also refer to CCITT).
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