Name: Keysight Technologies M8000 Series
Brand: Keysight Technologies
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Keysight M8000 Series of BER Test Solutions User Guide 503

Working with Measurements 8

Calculated Results

The following figure illustrates the calculated results:

The calculated results are divided into three groups:

•Level Results

•Noise Results

•Q-factor Results

Level Results

The level results are defined as follows:

• High Level: The High Level is the mean of the upper dBER/dTh

distribution. It is calculated as:

Default Chapter3
- Safety Summary3
- Compliance and Environmental Information5
1 Introduction6
- About this Guide6
- Table of Contents7
Overview24
- J-BERT M8020A High-Performance BERT24
- M8030A Multi-Channel BERT25
- M8040A High-Performance BERT26
- Document History28
- Related Documents29
- Abbreviations Used in this Document29
2 Know Your Hardware31
M8020A Overview32
M9505A Axie Chassis33
- Axie Embedded System Module (USB ESM)34
Host Computer35
M8030A Overview36
M9514A Axie Chassis37
- Axie System Module (ASM)38
- Keysight M9537A Axie Embedded Controller Module39
M8020A / M8030A Modules40
- J-BERT M8041A Generator-Analyzer-Clock Module40
- M8041A Front Panel Connector Inputs/Outputs43
- J-BERT M8051A Generator-Analyzer45
- M8061A 32 Gb/S Multiplexer with De-Emphasis Module48
- M8061A Front Panel Connector Inputs/Outputs50
- M8062A 32Gb/S Front-End for J-BERT M8020A High-Performance BERT51
- M8062A Features51
- M8062A Module Components52
- M8062A Front Panel Pattern Generator Connectors53
- M8062A Front Panel Analyzer Connectors54
M8020A Module Setup55
- Setting up a Single Channel System55
- Setting up a Multi-Channel System55
M8030A Module Setup57
- M8030A Modules Arrangement Example58
M8040A Overview59
M8040A Modules60
- M8045A High-Performance BERT Pattern Generator-Clock Module60
- M8046A High-Performance BERT Analyzer Module64
- M8057A Pattern Generator Remote Head66
M8040A Module Setup69
AWG Modules Supported by M8070A System Software70
- M8195A 65 Gsa/S Arbitrary Waveform Generator70
- M8196A 92 Gsa/S Arbitrary Waveform Generator71
Other Supported Hardware(S)72
- Keysight N1076A/N1077A DCA-M Clock Recovery72
- Keysight Real Time Oscilloscopes73
Hardware Setup for M8046A and M8062A Modules74
- Limitations75
ESD Protection76
3 Quick Tour with M8070A User Interface82
Overview82
Launching M8070A User Interface83
- Messages While Launching M8070A GUI83
- Load Setting85
- Get Module Information87
Exploring M8070A User Interface89
- Title Bar89
- Menu Bar89
- Main Window109
- Status Bar110
Other GUI Features115
Recall/Save Instrument State122
- Recall Instrument State122
- Save Instrument State123
4 User Interface - M8070A Display Views125
Overview126
Module View127
- How to Launch Module View127
- Input and Output Ports130
- Show Module Information136
- Selecting Single/Multiple Ports137
- Parameters Window137
- Creating Groups in the Module View155
System View156
- Using the Zoom Tool157
- Understanding the System View158
- System View with M8061A Integration162
- System View with M8062A Integration169
- M8040A System View173
Impairment Setup View175
- How to Access the Impairment Setup View175
- Features of the Impairment Setup View176
- Viewing Options in the Impairment Setup View178
- How to Set Parameters in Impairment Setup View180
- How to Use Filters182
Group View185
- How to Launch Group View185
Setup View191
- How to Access the Setup View191
- Understanding Setup View192
- GUI Elements Description195
- How to Perform a Basic Measurement197
Adjustable Intersymbol Interference198
- Using System View for ISI Configuration198
- How to Launch Adjustable ISI Window199
- Toolbar200
- Adjustable ISI Graph201
- ISI Parameters201
- Intersymbol Interference (ISI) Setup202
Controlling AWG(S) from M8070A User Interface203
- Awg(S) in Module View203
- M819Xa Configuration204
- Configuring AWG(S) Parameters207
- Simultaneous Injection of CMSI and DMSI Using M819Xa Awgs209
- AWG as External Level Interference (RI/SI) Source211
- System View with AWG(S) Integration213
- Signal Generation in AWG214
- Using AWG Frequency Response Calibration for Improved Signal Performance215
- Selecting Line Coding215
- Creating Patterns for AWG(S)217
- Sequence Settings for AWG(S)217
- Settings to Generate Data and Clock Signals in AWG219
- Jitter Setting in AWG(S)219
Extended Sequencing Capabilities in Awgs221
- Basic Sequencing221
- Extended Sequencing221
- Block Settings223
- Event Configuration225
- SCPI Commands225
Controlling N1076A/77A from M8070A226
- One Time Preparation226
- Using N1076A/77A from Within M8070A228
- Flexdca and N1076A/77A Documentation230
- Offline Usage230
Controlling a Real-Time Oscilloscope from M8070A233
- Required Preparation Steps234
- M8070A234
- Understanding BER Measurement with the Real-Time Oscilloscope238
- Real-Time Oscilloscope in Module View241
- Differences to a Hardware Based Error Detector242
- Best Practices243
- Remote Controlling the Real-Time Oscilloscope Based Error Detector244
5 Setting up Generator249
Overview250
M8020A/M8030A Generator Ports251
M8040A Generator Ports253
- Understanding the Output Protection Circuit254
- Understanding the Output Level Parameters255
- Why Incorrect Terminations Could Damage Your Device258
- AC Coupling and Bias Tees258
- Setting up Terminations261
- DC Check (Unbalanced/Balanced Termination) for M8040A262
- Adjust Output Levels (Optional)265
- De-Emphasis Signal Generator266
- M8045A De-Emphasis269
- Setting up Data out Port Parameters272
- Setting up Output Timing274
- Line Coding275
Bit Rate277
- When to Use an External Clock Source277
- Bit Rate Range277
- Spread Spectrum Clocking279
- Setting the Bit Rate280
- External Clock Divider281
- External PLL Clock Divider and Multiplier281
Trigger Output282
FEC Error Insertion284
Error Insertion288
FEC Error Insertion290
Interference294
- Common Mode Interference (CMI)294
- Differential Mode Interference (DMI)295
Jitter Setup296
- High Frequency Jitter (HF Jitter)296
- Low Frequency Jitter (LF Jitter)296
- Global Jitter State On/Off Switch296
- How to Enable Global Jitter State297
- Set Jitter Configuration297
6 Setting up Analyzer309
Overview310
M8020A/M8030A/M8040A Analyzer Ports311
- Data in Port Termination312
- Why Can Wrong Terminations Damage Your Device312
- Setting up Termination313
Clock Setup318
- How Does Clock Data Recovery Work318
- Phase Locked Loop318
- CDR Setup in M8020A/M8030A320
- CDR Setup for M8040A321
Sampling Point Setup323
- How Does the Sampling Point Setup Work323
- Auto Alignment323
- Threshold Center Alignment324
- Delay Center Alignment325
- Canceling Auto Align326
- Alignment BER Threshold326
- Sampling Point Setup Window326
Equalization332
- Equalization in M8041A/M8051A Data in332
- Equalization in M8062A Data in333
- Equalization in M8046A Data in334
Pattern Synchronization344
- Introduction to Pattern Synchronization344
- What Type of Synchronization Should You Use347
- What Is False Synchronization348
- How Can You Tell if Your Synchronization Is False349
- How to Synchronize an Incoming Pattern351
Bit Recovery Mode352
- Understanding Bit Recovery Mode (BRM)352
- Setting up Bit Recovery Mode353
Line Coding354
Alignment Results355
7 Setting up Patterns357
Pattern Overview358
Sequence Editor359
- Overview359
- When to Use a Sequence359
- How a Sequence Is Defined359
- How to Launch a Sequence Editor360
- Toolbar361
- Creating New Sequence362
- Importing a Sequence363
- Exporting a Sequence365
- Creating a Loop365
- Loop Within Sequences366
- Modifying the Existing Sequences366
- Sequence Setting Window367
- Editing a Pattern in a Sequence Editor387
- Sharing Sequences388
User-Defined Sequences389
- Sequence Block Display389
- Sequence Block Parameters389
- Select Pattern Dialog390
Application Specific Patterns393
- Oif Cei393
- Ieee394
Pattern Editor395
- How to Launch Pattern Editor395
- Toolbar396
- Settings Window412
- Pattern Edit Pane414
- Bit Coding419
- 8 B/10B Coding421
  - 128B/130B Coding423
  - 128B/132B Coding425
Pattern Capture428
- How to Launch Pattern Capture Window428
- Toolbar429
- Parameters Window430
- How to Capture a Pattern431
- Pattern Capture Pane432
- Saving a Captured Pattern433
- Capture Results Pane433
Interactive Link Training435
- PCI Express 3.0/4.0 Testing435
- Link Training Pcie 3.0 and Pcie 4.0 Parameters440
- Link Training for USB 3.0 and USB 3.1443
Using M8062A Data out Squelch Feature455
- Limitations455
- Hardware Requirements455
- Hardware Setup455
- Software Usage455
Overview460
Exploring Measurement User Interface461
- Launching the Measurement User Interface461
- Toolbar462
- Status Indicator463
- Measurement History Window463
- Copy Measurement History Properties464
- Measurement Graph464
- Parameters Window465
- Calculated Results Pane465
Error Ratio Measurement467
- Overview467
- Launching Error Ratio Measurement467
- Acquisition and Evaluation Parameters for Error Ratio469
- How to Run a Measurement470
- Error Ratio Measurement with PAM4 Symbols471
- How to Stop a Measurement472
- Measurement Graph472
- Test Times and Confidence Levels473
- Calculated Results474
- Error Ratio Measurement for a Group of Analyzers477
Output Timing Measurement479
- Output Timing Characteristics479
- Jitter Characteristics479
- Example Results479
- Understanding the Jitter Calculation480
- Explanation of the Fast Total Jitter Measurement483
- Evaluation Parameters485
- Launching the Output Timing Measurement487
- Parameters Pane488
- How to Run Output Timing Measurement489
- How to Stop Output Timing Measurement489
- Measurement Graph490
- How an Output Timing Measurement Works490
- Calculated Results491
- Fast Total Jitter Measurement Results493
- Calculated Results for Fast Total Measurement493
Output Level Measurement495
- Overview495
- Launching the Output Level Measurement495
- Parameters Window496
- Changing the Measurement Setting499
- Available Views499
- How to Execute Output Level Measurement500
- How to Stop Output Level Measurement500
- Measurement Graph500
- How to Improve the Output Levels Display502
- How to Change the Output Levels Properties502
- Calculated Results503
Jitter Tolerance Measurement508
- Overview508
- Understanding Jitter Tolerance508
- Types of Jitter510
- BER Setup511
- Graph Setup511
- Instrument Setup512
- Measurement Setup512
- Launching Jitter Tolerance Measurement518
- How to Run Jitter Tolerance Measurement519
- How to Stop/Abort Jitter Tolerance Measurement519
- Measurement Graph520
- Viewing the Jitter Tolerance Results521
- Saving Jitter Tolerance Measurement Results522
- Using the Jitter Tolerance Template Editor522
- Template Editor Toolbar523
- Template Editor Functions524
Eye Diagram Measurement525
- What Is an Eye Diagram525
- Methods of Representation of Eye Diagram526
- Eye Diagram Measurement Parameters528
- Launching the Eye Diagram Measurement530
- How to Start/Abort an Eye Diagram Measurement530
- How to Change the Default Settings531
- Calculated Eye Diagram Results532
Parameter Sweep Plugin534
- Launching Parameter Sweep Plugin534
- Parameter Sweep Plugin Parameters535
- How to Run Parameter Sweep Measurement537
- How to Stop Parameter Sweep Measurement537
- Measurement Graph for Parameter Sweep537
- Measurement Data for Parameter Sweep539
9 Utilities541
Overview542
Script Editor543
- Launching the Script Editor544
- Toolbar545
- Editor Pane547
- Output Pane548
- Console549
- Settings Window549
- Find and Replace551
- Creating a Script552
- Saving a Script552
- Importing a Script552
- Exporting a Script553
- Running a Script553
- Stopping a Script554
- Adding Duplicate Row/Selection in the Code554
DUT Control Interface556
- Launching the DUT Control Interfacer556
- Toolbar558
- Editor Pane560
- Output Pane562
- Console562
- Insert Code Window563
- Settings Window563
- Find and Replace565
- Creating a New Script566
- Open a Script566
- Saving a Script566
- Importing a Script566
- Exporting a Script567
- Running a Script568
- Stopping a Script568
- Adding Duplicate Row/Selection in the Code568
- Effects on M8070A GUI on Installing a DUT Control Script569
- Writing a Script Code for DUT Control Interface571
- Communication with the M8070A Instrument Layer578
SCPI Editor588
- SCPI Basics588
- Executing SCPI Commands592
SCPI Recorder593
Self Test Utility596
- Launching the Self Test Utility596
- Toolbar597
- Self Test History597
- Self Test Results Window598
- Executing Self Test598
- Aborting Self Test599
- Saving Self Test Results599
- Deleting Self Test Results600
Licenses Window601
- Launching the Licenses Window601
Settings Window602
- Display Tab603
- Channel Tab603
- Hints Tab604
Logger Window605
SCPI Server Information606
Plug-In Manager607
- How to Launch Plug-In Manager607
- How to Install a Plug-In608
- How to Uninstall a Plug-In609
- How to Update a Plug-In610
- How to Access an Installed Plug-In through M8070A User Interface612
10 Licenses614
Overview614
Supported Licenses615
- Node-Locked (Uncounted) Licenses615
- Floating Licenses617
- Module-Specific Licenses617
M8020A/M8030A Licenses618
- M8070A System Software for M8000 Series of BER Test Solutions618
- M8041A - High-Performance BERT Module618
- Module620
- M8051A - High-Performance BERT Module622
- Module623
- M8061A Multiplexer 2:1 with De-Emphasis624
- M8062A 32Gb/S Front-End for J-BERT M8020A High-Performance BERT624
M8040A Licenses626
- M8045A Pattern Generator and Clock Module, 32/64 Gbaud626
- M8046A Analyzer Module, 32/64 Gbaud627
Keysight License Manager628
Keysight License Service629
Installing the Licenses630
- Software Requirements630
- Installing M8070A-OTP License (Not Required for M8020A-BU1 and M8030A-BU1)630
- Installing Temporary License (Trial License) for the M8000 Series630
- Installing M8070A-ONP Floating/Networked License631
- Installing the Flexnet License Manager633
- Creating a New License Service Using Lmadmin.exe642
- Installing and Setting up Client PC Floating Licenses643
- Installing Module Licenses (Not Required for M8020A-BU1 and M8030A-BU1)644
- Transporting an M8070A License645
11 Appendix647
Basic Troubleshooting648
- Updating Software Components648
- The Chassis Does Not Power up648
- Module Is Exceptionally Hot648
- Contacting Keysight Technologies648
M8070A Factory Patterns649

Brand	Keysight Technologies
Model	M8000 Series
Category	Test Equipment
Language	English

Keysight Technologies M8000 Series User Manual

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