303-03-136 Engine Cooling 303-03-136
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (CONTINUED)
E6861 EN
07/2001 2002 Bantam
WARNING: To avoid having scalding hot
water or steam blow out of the cooling
system, use extreme care when
removing the coolant expansion tank cap
from a hot cooling system. Wait until the
engine has cooled and then wrap a thick
cloth around the coolant expansion tank
cap and turn it slowly until the pressure
begins to release. Step back while the
pressure is fully released from the
cooling system. Failure to follow this
instruction may result in personal injury.
WARNING: Disconnect the battery when
working in the vicinity of the cooling fan.
The cooling fan is controlled by the
engine management system and an
increase in engine coolant temperature
may cause it to operate even with the
ignition in the OFF position. Failure to
follow this instruction may result in
personal injury.
WARNING: Do not operate the engine
with the hood open until the cooling fan
has been examined for damage. Failure
to follow this instruction may result in
personal injury.
CAUTION: When draining the coolant or
changing any cooling system
components, it is imperative that no
engine coolant comes into contact with
the timing belt or accessory drive belt. If
necessary, the drive belt(s) should be
removed as contamination may result in
their failure.
NOTE: The cooling system must be maintained
with the correct concentration and specification of
engine coolant to prevent corrosion damage.
NOTE: Providing that the engine coolant has not
been contaminated with other fluids or foreign
matter, its robust corrosion resistance properties
allow it to be reused after changing any cooling
system components, although the concentration
should always be checked and maintained within
specification.
Engine coolant concentration should be checked
through the neck of the coolant expansion tank
with a hydrometer. The acceptable range of
specific gravity (sg) of correctly balanced fluids is
between 1.06 and 1.07 kg/l, which represents an
engine coolant concentration of between 28%
and 32%. If the concentration falls below 28%
there is insufficient low temperature protection
and the corrosion resistance will be inadequate.
In such cases the concentration must be brought
back to specification.
An orange colored engine antifreeze conforming
to Ford specification L405F is used. This is
monoethylene glycol and Organic Additive
Technologies corrosion inhibitors and should not
be mixed with other antifreeze types. For cooling
system top up, only use antifreeze, which meets
Ford specification L405F.
Engine coolant should be changed after a period
of 10 years or 240,000 km, whichever occurs
sooner.
Radiator
The radiator is of the tube and louvered fin core-
type with the tubes arranged horizontally for
crossflow of the coolant. Two tanks, one on each
side of the radiator, provide uniform distribution of
the coolant to the crossflow tubes.
Water Pump
The water pump is belt driven from the
crankshaft.
Thermostat
The thermostat is of the wax type. It allows rapid
engine warm up by restricting engine coolant flow
to the cylinder block, cylinder head and heater
system at lower operating temperatures. It also
assists in maintaining engine operating
temperatures between pre-determined limits.
Coolant Expansion Tank
The coolant expansion tank is fitted with a
pressure cap. It helps to maintain the correct
level of coolant in the cooling system, separating
trapped air and replenishing the cooling system
with coolant through a hose. It also serves as a
location for service filling, cooling system
pressurization, coolant expansion during warm-
up and air separation during operation. It is
designed to have approximately 0.5 to 1 liter of
air when cold to allow for coolant expansion.
Cooling Fan
The cooling fan is electrically operated and
consists of a fan and motor mounted within a
shroud, behind the radiator.
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