Rohde & Schwarz R&S ZNA Series - 4.5.2.1 Calibration standard types

Concepts and features
R&S
®
ZNA
200User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 29
The analyzer provides many predefined cal kits but can also import cal kit files and cre-
ate kits:
●
A selection of predefined kits is available for all connector types. The parameters of
these kits are displayed in the "View / Modify Cal Kit Standards" dialog, however, it
is not possible to change or delete the kits.
●
Imported and user-defined kits can be changed in the "Calibration Kits" dialog and
its various subdialogs.
Calibration kits and connector types are global resources; the parameters are stored
independently and are available irrespective of the current recall set.
4.5.2.1 Calibration standard types
The following table gives an overview of the different standards and their circuit models
(offset and load models).
Table 4-9: Calibration standard types
Standard Type Characteristics Ideal Standard Offset Model Load Model
Open Open circuit (one-port) ∞ Ω
☑ ☑
Short Short circuit (one-port) 0 Ω
☑ ☑
Offset short Short circuit with added electrical length offset, for
waveguide calibration (one-port)
0 Ω
☑ ☑
Match Matched broadband termination (one-port) Z
0
(characteristic
impedance of the
connector type)
☑ ☑
Sliding match One-port standard consisting of an air line with a
movable, low-reflection load element (sliding load)
– – –
Reflect Unknown mismatched standard (one-port) ∞ Ω
☑ ☑
Through Through-connection with minimum loss (two-port) –
☑
–
Line1, Line 2 Line(s) for TRL calibration with minimum loss (two-
port)
–
☑
–
Attenuation Fully matched standard in both directions (two-
port; the reflection factor at both ports is zero)
– – –
Symm. network Unknown mismatched reflection-symmetric stan-
dard (two-port)
–
☑ ☑
Offset parameters
The offset parameters have the following physical meaning:
●
The delay is the propagation time of a wave traveling through the standard. The
electrical length is equal to the delay times the speed of light in the vacuum. It is a
measure for the length of transmission line between the standard and the actual
calibration plane. For a waveguide with permittivity ε
r
and mechanical length L
mech
,
the following relations hold:
rmech
rmech
L
c
L




 Length Electrical;Delay
Calibration