Getting Started
R&S
®
ZNA
105User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 29
c) "Leveling Table (Global)"
Perform leveling if you want the power levels at the waveguide port to be con-
stant over frequency. Also perform leveling if you want to have frequency-inde-
pendent, variable, known absolute power levels at the waveguide port. The lat-
ter is necessary for power sweeps, but also for automatic level control (ALC).
Use ALC for measurements that require precise power levels at the 1 mm port,
in particular for measuring non-linear characteristics of a DUT (compression,
intermodulation, spectrum...).
Based on an existing reference receiver calibration, the leveling procedure
records the output power on a two-dimensional power/frequency grid. The VNA
firmware then uses Interpolation to determine the appropriate RF IN level for
the desired output level at a given frequency.
d) "Source Flatness"
Based on an existing reference receiver calibration, the R&S ZNA varies the
frequency and adjusts its source power so that the reference receiver readings
correspond to the desired output power at the waveguide port of the converter.
For operation with external test sets, make sure that the convergence factor is
0.3 or lower.
If leveling data is available for a port, a source flatness calibration is not neces-
sary unless you want to achieve a higher precision at a particular frequency. To
get even higher precision within the whole frequency range, use the automatic
level control (ALC) feature of the R&S ZNA. Note that ALC at a converter port
requires leveling data for this port.
3.5.7.5 System error correction
For precise S-parameter measurements, a system error correction is recommended.
System error correction requires a calibration kit that is suitable for the measured fre-
quency range. For the R&S ZNA67EXT we recommend the 1 mm calibration kit
R&S ZV-Z210. The standards in these calibration kits allow for OSM, TOSM, UOSM
and TOM calibrations.
Getting started with R&S
ZNA67EXT
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