Philips Azurion - 16.19.3 Source-to-Skin Distance Spacer; 16.20 Typical Reference Air Kerma (Rate) Values

Paent Thickness 20 cm PMMA 30 cm PMMA
System X-ray Protocol Flavor
Ref. AK-rate
(mG
y/s) Time required
Ref. AK-rate
(mGy/s) Time required
C12/F12 Cardiac Low 0.238 140 min 1.358 25 min
Cardiac Normal 0.517 64 min 2.251 15 min
Head Low 0.189 177 min 0.878 38 min
C12/F12 with
ClarityIQ (op-
on)
Cardiac Low 0.149 223 min 0.658 51 min
Cardiac Normal 0.221 151 min 1.085 31 min
Head Low 0.193 173 min 0.435 77 min
Measurement c
ondions: paent type: default, eld size: 30 cm. All other sengs are in accordance
with Reference Air Kerma Measurement Setup (page 311).
Conclusion: The me to reach the 2 Gy limit is longer when the paent thickness decreases.
NOTE As the total dose is a combinaon of exposure and uoroscopy, the total me to reach 2 Gy
for each will be less than calculated above.
16.19.3 Source-to-Skin Distance Spacer
The system can be equipped with a spacer on the X-ray tube housing, around the X-ray beam, which
will maintain, a minimum source-to-skin distance of 38 cm. According to 21 CFR 1020.32(g), the spacer
is mandatory in the USA.
For specic surgical applicaons, which require a source-to-skin distance of less than 38 cm, the spacer
can be removed. The spacer must be re-installed when the surgical applicaon has been completed.
WARNING
R
emoving the source-to-skin distance spacer may increase the skin dose by 60%, when the X-ray
source is placed against the paent’s skin.
The source-to-skin distance without the spacer is 30 cm, which conforms with internaonal standards
IEC 60601-2-43:2010, and IEC 60601-2-54:2009.
Figure 133 C-arm s
tand without a spacer (le) and with spacer (right)
16.20 Typical Reference Air Kerma (Rate) Values
In accordance with IEC 60601-2-43, these Instrucons for Use specify the Reference Air Kerma (Rate)
values for a number of frequently used X-ray protocols and the levels of protecon provided by the
system against stray radiaon. All dose values are automacally determined by the system, based on
the X-ray protocol selected.
Technical Informaon Typical Reference Air Kerma (Rate) Values
Azurion Release 1.2 Ins
trucons for Use 295 Philips Healthcare 4522 203 52421