Appendix A
A.1 Glossary of Terms
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Decibel-Milliwatts. dBm is a logarithmic measurement (integer) that is typical-
ly used in place of mW to represent receive-power level. AMP normalizes all
signals to dBm, so that it is easy to evaluate performance between various
Data Center Bridging. DCB is a collection of standards developed by IEEE
for creating a converged data center network using Ethernet.
Data Communication Equipment. DCE refers to the devices that establish,
maintain, and terminate communication network sessions between a data
source and its destination.
Distributed Coordination Function. DCF is a protocol that uses carrier sens-
ing along with a four-way handshake to maximize the throughput while pre-
venting packet collisions.
Distributed Dynamic Multicast Optimization. DDMO is similar to Dynamic
Multicast Optimization (DMO) where the multicast streams are con
unicast streams on the AP instead of the controller, to enhance the quality
and reliability of streaming videos, while preserving the bandwidth available
Data Encryption Standard. DES is a common standard for data encryption
and a form of secret key cryptography, which uses only one key for encryp-
Designated router refers to a router interface that is elected to originate net-
work link advertisements for networks using the OSPF protocol.
Destination Network Address Translation. Destination NAT is a process of
translating the destination IP address of an end route packet in a network.
Destination NAT is used for redirecting the traffic destined to a virtual host to
the real host, where the virtual host is identified by the destination IP address
and the real host is identified by the translated IP address.
Dynamic Frequency Selection. DFS is a mandate for radio systems operating
in the 5 GHz band to be equipped with means to identify and avoid interfer-
Discrete Fourier Transform. DFT converts discrete-time data sets into a dis-
crete-frequency representation. See FFT.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A network protocol that enables a
server to automatically assign an IP address to an IP-enabled device from a
defined range of numbers configured for a given network.
DHCP snooping enables the switch to monitor and control DHCP messages
received from untrusted devices that are connected to the switch.
A digital certificate is an electronic document that uses a digital signature to
bind a public key with an identity—information such as the name of a person
or an organization, address, and so forth.
A wireless technology for transmitting large amounts of digital data over a
wide spectrum of frequency bands with very low power for a short distance.
Ultra Wideband radio can carry a huge amount of data over a distance up to
230 ft at very low power (less than 0.5 mW), and has the ability to carry sig-
nals through doors and other obstacles that tend to reflect signals at more
limited bandwidths and a higher power.
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Disconnect-Ack is a NAS response packet to a Disconnect-Request, which
indicates that the session was disconnected.
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