Date Code 20151029 SEL-411L Relay
Table of Contents
List of Tables ......................................................................................................................................................vii
List of Figures...................................................................................................................................................xxi
Preface.............................................................................................................................................................xxxiii
Protection Manual
Section 1: Introduction and Specifications
Features......................................................................................................................................................... P.1.2
Models and Options...................................................................................................................................... P.1.5
Applications.................................................................................................................................................. P.1.8
Specifications ............................................................................................................................................. P.1.13
Section 2: Installation
Shared Configuration Attributes................................................................................................................... P.2.1
Plug-In Boards............................................................................................................................................ P.2.11
Jumpers....................................................................................................................................................... P.2.14
Relay Placement......................................................................................................................................... P.2.24
Connection.................................................................................................................................................. P.2.25
AC/DC Connection Diagrams.................................................................................................................... P.2.44
Section 3: Protection Functions
87L Theory of Operation.............................................................................................................................. P.3.2
87L Differential Elements .......................................................................................................................... P.3.28
CT Selection Procedure............................................................................................................................ P.3.102
Current and Voltage Source Selection...................................................................................................... P.3.106
Polarizing Quantity for Distance Element Calculations........................................................................... P.3.119
Frequency Estimation............................................................................................................................... P.3.119
Time-Error Calculation............................................................................................................................. P.3.122
Fault Location........................................................................................................................................... P.3.123
Open-Phase Detection Logic.................................................................................................................... P.3.134
Pole Open Logic....................................................................................................................................... P.3.134
Loss-of-Potential Logic............................................................................................................................ P.3.137
Fault Type Identification Selection Logic ................................................................................................ P.3.141
Ground Directional Element..................................................................................................................... P.3.142
Phase- and Negative-Sequence Directional Elements.............................................................................. P.3.1 52
Directionality............................................................................................................................................ P.3.154
CVT Transient Detection.......................................................................................................................... P.3.154
Series-Compensation Line Logic ............................................................................................................. P.3.155
Load-Encroachment Logic....................................................................................................................... P.3.156
Out-of-Step Logic (Conventional)............................................................................................................ P.3.157
Out-of-Step Logic (Zero Settings)............................................................................................................ P.3.163
Mho Ground-Distance Elements.............................................................................................................. P.3.178
Quadrilateral Ground-Distance Elements................................................................................................. P.3.182
Mho Phase Distance Elements ................................................................................................................. P.3.186
Quadrilateral Phase Distance Elements.................................................................................................... P.3.191
Zone Time Delay...................................................................................................................................... P.3.197
Instantaneous Line Overcurrent Elements................................................................................................ P.3.200
Selectable Time-Overcurrent Elements (51) ............................................................................................ P.3.205
Over/Undervoltage Elements ................................................................................................................... P.3.213
Switch-Onto-Fault Logic.......................................................................................................................... P.3.217
Communications-Assisted Tripping Logic............................................................................................... P.3.220
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